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印度空军百架苏-30趴窝

2016-01-21 09:06:09   参考消息

据美国战略之页网站1月13日报道,2015年末,一个印度军方高级代表团前往莫斯科,与俄方商讨苏-30MKI战斗机的可靠性问题。根据印度总审计署2015年12月18日发布的调查报告显示,该国空军装备的苏-30MKI战斗机妥善率只有55%至60%,大幅拉低了印军可用的作战飞行时数。

据悉,俄罗斯为印度制造了50架该型号战斗机,另有272架在印度国内组装,预计全部飞机(322架)将在2019年交付完毕。如果妥善率始终这么低的话,则意味着印度空军将有超过140架苏-30MKI没法在战时派上用场。这可不是个小数字,因为印军1个中队也就20架战斗机。

从2010年开始,印方就一直在抱怨苏-30MKI的可靠性。其中最能说明问题的统计数据就是因保养、维修而停飞的苏-30MKI战机的百分比(停飞率)。这一比例越高,说明战机可靠性越差。外媒称,俄方之前曾保证停飞率只有约25%,这与西方同类战机相比还算有些竞争优势。

但印度指出,苏-30MKI实际停飞率高达40%至45%,主要问题在于发动机故障太多,而俄方称只是滚珠轴承之类的小毛病,并说“发动机是在印度组装的”,暗指责任在印方。印度还希望俄罗斯转让更多的航空零部件特许技术,但后者不干,因为零部件利润比整机销售高得多。

虽然俄方想了一些办法修补印度苏-30MKI发动机存在的问题,可是印军的战备完好率依然没有提升。

自2009年以来,印度空军已有5架苏-30MKI坠毁。2011年,为打消本国飞行员对苏-30MKI安全性的疑虑,印度空军司令还专门搭乘1架苏-30MKI上天飞行1小时。

具有讽刺意味的是,当初印度之所以斥巨资购入苏-30MKI,就是因为其想当然地以为该型战机比本国装备的老式米格战机安全系数更高。但事实证明他们错了。苏-30MKI不仅存在机械故障。2012年,印度还公开抱怨该战机的飞行控制系统存在一处未指明的“设计缺陷”。此外,印度与俄罗斯合作研发的新式隐形战机T-50的弹射座椅和其他多个部件也存在问题。

失去耐心的印度为力促俄方提升战机可靠性,又使出了“以夷制夷”的老办法——接洽法国商议购买“阵风”战斗机。但高卢鸡也不是吃素的,来了个趁人之危漫天要价,“阵风”单价从6700多万一路飙升至1.3亿美元。而且,1.3亿美元并非封顶价,若再加上维护、训练飞行员和技术人员,以及购买武器装备、零部件的开销,预计36架“阵风”的合同总价将高达90亿美元,相当于每架“阵风”实际售价为2.5亿美元,比美国F-35(造价约1.12亿美元)还贵。

这还不算,由于整个谈判拖了5年才达成,导致印度的“阵风”战机要等到法国达索公司完成埃及和卡塔尔的订单后,才能安排生产。按照目前进度,印度空军最快也要到2018年才能接收首架“阵风”,而其第一支“阵风”中队形成战斗力,估计就得等到2020年后了。

责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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