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美军公布核裁军方案 陆基核导弹减至400创新低

2014-04-09 09:36:55   中国新闻网

五角大楼8日公布核裁军方案,显示到2018年,美军部署的陆基洲际弹道导弹预定减至400枚,将创50多年来的新低。为满足限额,五角大楼决定到2018年,将美军部署的50枚“民兵3型”陆基洲际弹道导弹从导弹发射井移出,状态由“部署”变为“未部署”,令美军部署的陆基洲际弹道导弹减至400枚。

五角大楼8日公布核裁军方案,显示到2018年,美军部署的陆基洲际弹道导弹预定减至400枚,将创50多年来的新低。

当日根据美俄2011年生效的新版《削减战略武器条约》,五角大楼公布核裁军清单。这一举动显示,美俄因乌克兰问题交恶后,双方并未终止在裁军领域的合作。

美俄条约规定,到2018年,双方部署的陆基洲际弹道导弹、潜射弹道导弹及重型轰炸机不得超过700件,部署和未部署陆基洲际弹道导弹发射器、潜射弹道导弹发射器及重型轰炸机不得超过800件,核弹头不得超过1550枚。

为满足限额,五角大楼决定到2018年,将美军部署的50枚“民兵3型”陆基洲际弹道导弹从导弹发射井移出,状态由“部署”变为“未部署”,令美军部署的陆基洲际弹道导弹减至400枚。

果真如此,这一数字将创美军50多年来的新低。与之对应,届时美军将有400个部署的导弹发射井,50个未部署导弹发射井,加上4个测试用导弹发射井,共有454件部署和未部署陆基洲际弹道导弹发射器。

潜射弹道导弹方面,到2018年,美军将在14艘俄亥俄级核潜艇部署240枚“三叉戟2型”潜射弹道导弹,同时每艘核潜艇拆除4个导弹发射管,令部署和未部署潜射弹道导弹发射器从现在的336件减至280件。

重型轰炸机方面,到2018年,美军将保留19架B-2A隐形轰炸机和41架B-52H轰炸机,总计部署60架可装载核武器的重型轰炸机,同时将30架B-52H轰炸机改作常规用途,令部署和未部署重型轰炸机从现在的96架减至66架。

至于核弹头,五角大楼在8日的清单中没有列出削减方案,只称到2018年,美军将设法把部署的陆基洲际弹道导弹弹头、潜射弹道导弹弹头及重型轰炸机弹头减至1550枚。

根据去年7月美国国务院公布的数据,截至2013年3月1日,美国共有1654枚核弹头,俄罗斯共有1480枚核弹头,比美国少174枚。到2018年,美国尚需削减104枚核弹头。

作为“冷战”时代的对峙两极,美俄拥有世界90%的核武器。2010年4月,美国总统奥巴马与时任俄罗斯总统梅德韦杰夫签署新版《削减战略武器条约》,2011年条约开始生效。新条约有效期为10年,过后可一次性延期5年。(中新社华盛顿4月8日电/记者德永健)

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