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美:中国对哈萨克斯坦影响力不断增强 手中牌很多

2016-08-09 10:30:50   参考消息

参考消息网8月9日报道美媒称,中国在哈萨克斯坦继续扩大影响,“一带一路”倡议能成为中国向中亚输出软实力的重要工具。

据美国之音电台网站8月8日报道,哈萨克斯坦官方智库总统下属的哈萨克战略研究所在不久前召开的有关中亚安全问题学术讨论会上,专门讨论了中国软实力,中国在哈萨克和中亚地区角色等问题。

参加讨论的学者说,2014年时当地学术界的主要话题是塔利班和阿富汗局势的威胁。现在专家们关注的焦点则是“一带一路”,以及未来同中国的关系。中国正成功利用“一带一路”倡议向哈萨克斯坦和中亚输出软实力。一方面哈萨克斯坦需要中国的投资,尽管中国在哈萨克斯坦的经济活动有自己的利益。另一方面,作为经济巨人的中国就在哈萨克斯坦身旁,哈萨克斯坦也的确非常担忧中国。但如果普通哈萨克人觉得“一带一路”实施后他们的生活和环境能得到改善,中国通过这个项目所释放的影响,使其在哈萨克斯坦的软实力还将继续增强。

国际突厥学院学者科斯纳扎罗夫在讨论会上认为,中国除了利用经济手段扩大影响外,中国还通过文化和人文方式输出软实力。比如,利用在哈萨克斯坦的4家孔子学院发放奖学金邀请哈萨克斯坦学生去中国留学,邀请哈萨克斯坦学者和官员访华。两国之间的智库、媒体、政府各部门的交流也越来越频繁。两国执政党的联系也越来越密切。

但是哈萨克斯坦学者也认为,中国对哈萨克斯坦经济领域的影响扩大,并不意味着当地社会对中国的正面印象和好感会增多。在改变普通民意,让更多的普通哈萨克人对中国持好的印象方面,中国做得还不够。

一家哈萨克斯坦的俄语媒体说,在两三百年前,哈萨克斯坦人认为投靠中国是死路一条,而投靠俄罗斯却能带来光明前景。目前形势已今非昔比。虽然中亚和哈萨克斯坦社会民意对中国仍有担心,不过今天的哈萨克斯坦领导人却对中国有好感,把中国看成是关键伙伴。

哈萨克斯坦学者萨特帕耶夫说,国际孤立以及经济危机使俄罗斯今天无法继续在哈萨克斯坦大展拳脚。相比之下,中国继续实施一些大的经济项目。在中亚,中国手中的牌比俄罗斯更多。在哈萨克斯坦,中国的影响将越来越大。


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