军事 > 中国军情
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/568/20160614/22865664.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/01/26 03:17:23

Powered by China
China

中国长征七号/五号新一代运载火箭有多“冷”?

2016-06-14 10:21:44   中国航天科技集团

2016年,历经数载研制,我国新一代长征七号、长征五号运载火箭即将迎来首飞。

“长征七号”是为满足中国载人空间站工程发射货运飞船需求而研制的新一代中型液体运载火箭。从设计到生产,均采用全三维数字平台,标志着中国运载火箭迈入了全生命周期数字化的大门。

“长征五号”是中国目前研制规模最大、技术跨度最高的航天运输系统工程。其近地轨道运载能力25吨,地球同步转移轨道能力14吨,能将中国进入空间的能力提升2.5倍,并带动牵引中国现役运载火箭动力系统升级换代。

相对于国内现役长征系列火箭,长征七号、长征五号运载火箭全面大量使用液氧/煤油、液氢/液氧低温推进剂组合,成为名副其实的低温火箭,其中长征五号更是因为应用了液氢,得“冰箭”之誉。

“冰箭”接近低温极限 防水隔热要面面俱到

长征五号运载火箭在燃料上下了很大功夫,不同于目前使用化学燃料的常规火箭,长征五号运载火箭采用无毒、无污染的液氢液氧作为推进剂。在其800多吨的身体里,90%是-252摄氏度的液氢和-183摄氏度的液氧,这已经接近低温的极限,“冰箭”一名正源于此。

为了防止空气中的水蒸气因低温凝结,火箭设计必须考虑防水设施。

此外,液氢还具有极强的挥发性,而火箭发射时尾部火焰温度将达到3000摄氏度,如若隔热不当,液氢有可能消耗殆尽。因此,必须通过绝热方式对火箭进行严格控制,需给“冰箭”穿上一件厚厚的“绝热服”,保证火箭不被热量“入侵”。

“低温”是历史的选择

翻开世界航天探索发展史,我们总能在一次次航天里程碑式的跨越发展中发现“低温”的身影。

现代运载火箭源于二战期间德国研制的V2弹道导弹。这是运载火箭技术开启航天新篇章的一个重要里程碑。历史在推进剂的首次选择上使用了低温液氧和酒精组合。

V2弹道导弹

如果说德国的V2导弹还只是开启了运载火箭的技术之门,那么苏联将初期同样用于洲际导弹的R7改装为运载火箭,并成功发射了人类历史上的首颗人造地球卫星,就在真正意义上实现了运载火箭的开天之路。这一次,历史也选择了低温液氧和酒精作为推进剂。

上一页1/2下一页
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/568/20160614/22865664.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/01/26 03:17:23

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/568/20160614/22865664.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/01/26 03:17:23

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

长征七号火箭运抵海南文昌 首飞任务进入全面实施阶段

2016-05-31 16:06:44

中国启用新型火箭开辟新发射场 航天将迎“海南时刻”

2016-05-31 16:06:36

海南航天发射场有2座多射向发射塔 准备首次发射

2016-05-17 08:42:40

长征七号火箭首箭由远望21号安全运抵海南清澜港

2016-05-16 08:31:09
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/568/20160614/22865664.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/01/26 03:17:23

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/568/20160614/22865664.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/01/26 03:17:23

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/568/20160614/22865664.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/01/26 03:17:23

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/568/20160614/22865664.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/01/26 03:17:23

Powered by China
China

美图推荐

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/568/20160614/22865664.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/01/26 03:17:23

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/568/20160614/22865664.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/01/26 03:17:23

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/568/20160614/22865664.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/01/26 03:17:23

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/568/20160614/22865664.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/01/26 03:17:23

Powered by China
China

为您推荐

加载更多>>
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/568/20160614/22865664.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/01/26 03:17:23

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/568/20160614/22865664.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/01/26 03:17:23

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/568/20160614/22865664.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/01/26 03:17:23

Powered by China
China