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日本凸显受害国身份 专家:安倍何时访问南京?

2016-05-12 10:01:39   蓝雅歌 李珍 王伟 魏莱 魏辉 甄翔

【环球时报综合报道】作为唯一遭受过核武打击的国家,日本多次在国际会议上呼吁世界领导人访问广岛和长崎,凸出自己“受害者”的悲情。《环球时报》记者曾多次去过广岛和平纪念资料馆,馆内展示的资料全部是日本核爆受害的情况,有大量的核爆受害者的遗物、照片、日记等等,尤其是一些核爆遇难者变形的尸体以及核爆后遗症患者因病痛扭曲的脸庞等照片令人不寒而栗。但是对于广岛遭受原子弹袭击的历史原因和日本的对外侵略战争鲜有涉及。日本学校每年组织中小学生参观资料馆,从进馆开始到结束看到和听到都是日本曾遭受巨大的痛苦。日本一些电视台曾播放日本中学生参观结束后的感慨:“难以忘记日本曾有过这样的灾难”“加害者必须谢罪”等。

《今日美国报》称,广岛纪念馆并未明确指责美国使用原子弹,但却很少甚至没有提及日本参加二战,也没有提供当年杜鲁门决定使用原子弹的背景——为了加快战争的结束,避免更大伤亡。如果日本不立即投降,美国势必登陆进攻日本本土,那将造成数百万人伤亡。这种遗漏令一些外国访客感到不安。“我不认为日本有真正的进化,至少那些右翼和否认日本在亚洲的毁灭性战争、坚称他们是受害者的遗忘者是这样。”《纽约时报》援引麻省理工学院教授塞缪尔斯的话说,“对他们而言,奥巴马的访问将是重申他们是正确的契机。”

不过整体而言,奥巴马访问广岛的计划并未在美国引发太大反对浪潮。在分析人士看来,这既与白宫率先采取策略性步骤宣布不会道歉和重新审视当年的做法有关,也反映了美国国内对美日同盟的认可。《金融时报》援引美国达特茅斯学院美日关系专家珍妮弗·林德的分析称,虽然共和党领导人试图把奥巴马描述为在海外一再为美国的政策道歉,但他们支持在一个中国继续在军事上“秀肌肉”的地区为美国的盟友撑腰。“保守派人士也支持美日保持牢固同盟关系,而安倍晋三正是他们不可多得的伙伴。”

美国国务院的官员戈尔-辛西娅11日接受《环球时报》记者采访时透露,从5月21日至28日,奥巴马此次亚洲行包括对越南和日本的访问。这次访问的外交安排是要凸显美国在亚太地区实施“亚太再平衡”战略的承诺,以增强美国和该地区国家进行外交、经济、安全方面的接触。

对遭受过日本侵略巨大灾难的亚洲国家而言,更有担忧的理由。韩国《文化日报》11日发表题为“担心奥巴马访问广岛或将模糊日本战败国地位”的社论说,奥巴马此次访问广岛可以看作公开显示日美同盟越来越紧密,但对于韩国而言,却面临一个会否给二战侵略国日本帝国主义开出“免罪符”的问题。韩国政府有必要让美日两国都知道,如果歪曲历史,那么必将对韩美日三角合作带来负面影响。安倍政权鼓动奥巴马访问广岛,实际上就是要达成美国总统事实上道歉的效果,试图将美国变成加害国,将日本颠覆成受害国。韩联社称,安倍政权有可能借奥巴马此访大做文章,未来其历史修正主义行径恐怕将更加露骨。虽然日本因原子弹而遭受痛苦,但日本至今还没有向遭受更大痛苦的韩国、中国等亚洲邻国进行有诚意的道歉。希望奥巴马广岛之行要谨言慎行!

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