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美忧中国高超音速滑翔武器:令核导弹无法被拦截

2016-04-25 09:23:33   参考消息

资料图:美国的高超音速滑翔飞行器想象图

原标题:美媒忧心中国高超音速武器:令核导弹无法被拦截

外媒称,中国军队正在重组为一支更现代、更高效的部队。2016年1月1日,第二炮兵部队被改编为火箭军,从而上升成为一支与海军、陆军和空军具有同等地位的部队。

据美国詹姆斯敦基金会网站4月21日报道称,中国在精简部队、提高军事人员素质的同时,也在从事几个尖端项目的研究,以为解放军提供先进的武器。其中之一就是中国的高超音速滑翔飞行器:中国的代号是DF-ZF,美国国防官员称之为WU-14。

报道认为,在中国,这种新型高超音速武器的研发和测试一直极其隐秘。然而,其最终的部署将给解放军火箭军部队的常规武器和核武库带来很大的改善,因为它能穿透美国及其盟友最强大的多层次反导防御系统。

中国在过去一年半中进行了六次DF-ZF测试。虽然测试频率并不能保证测试质量,但它表明,中国正在致力于这项技术的成功开发。

报道称,和美国不同,中国据说是使用中程弹道导弹运输—竖起—发射装置来完成所有高超音速滑翔飞行器的测试的。它将飞行器发射升空,使之沿着类似于传统弹道导弹的轨迹飞行。飞行器重新进入大气层后,它会将自己推回大气层上部。接着,它将完成上拉动作以控制速度和高度,向目标滑翔。

高超音速滑翔飞行器上上下下的轨迹据信能够迷惑目前的弹道导弹防御系统,因为捉摸不定的轨迹能够阻止弹道导弹防御系统锁定目标。DF-ZF无法预测的飞行轨迹以及可通过多种导弹发射的能力表明,中国研发高超音速滑翔飞行器的目标是为了躲避弹道导弹防御系统,因为这种系统威胁到了中国发动进攻或防守的能力。

报道认为,中国高超音速滑翔飞行器计划带来的一个主要困扰是,该技术可应用于常规武器和核武器。中国第二次测试的残骸表明,它是在液体燃料发射平台上进行的。这次试验推翻了许多报道的结论,即中国使用“东风”-21固体燃料火箭作为发射平台。这一点之所以重要,是因为液体燃料发射平台与中国的核计划相关。采用液体燃料发射平台(如“长征四号丙”火箭)表明,中国发展DF-ZF可能是用于常规武器和核武器。

中国研发高超音速滑翔飞行器的主要目标是让它的飞行速度足够快,同时利用其独特的飞行特性,从而躲避弹道导弹防御系统。十多年来,中国一直对美国在西太平洋部署弹道导弹防御系统表示不满,因为中国认为该系统削弱了中国有限的核威慑力量。让中国更感到不快的是,其他地区大国,如日本和韩国,也大量投资于弹道导弹防御系统。

报道称,如果中国成功设计出一种可投入战斗的短程高超音速滑翔飞行器,它便更有可能针对其地区对手发动导弹袭击。

责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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