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美智库推出“中国力量”研究 为“打破中国神话”

2016-04-22 11:07:55   环球网

【环球网综合报道】讨论中国实力是美国各大智库持续热衷的话题之一,在美国大选即将来临及中美各层面交往日益密切的背景下,这一话题热度也随之上升。据英国《卫报》4月19日报道,华盛顿智库“国际战略研究中心”4月19日专门推出一个新的名为“中国力量”的网站来研究中国不断增长的经济、军事、技术、外交成长等各方面实力。据称,该研究旨在“打破中国神话”,并希望成为白宫及美国其他需要对中国有更深了解的人制定政策时的有用参考。

《卫报》表示,尽管中美在气候变化等问题上进行了一些合作,但是最近,特别是目前南海局势问题都使得中美关系受到了重创。特朗普等总统候选人在贸易方面的言论也加剧了中美关系的紧张局势。11月大选之后,不论谁接替奥巴马担任美国总统,都将面对美国政治家及分析家的焦虑,即中国将与美国“争夺”世界最大经济体的位置,最终也会在军事和外交领域与美国相抗衡。

在这种背景下,4月19日,华盛顿十分有影响力的国际战略研究中心智库在新推出的网站“中国力量”( ChinaPower)分析了关于中国军事、经济、科技、社会及外交的主要发展,并提出一系列曾让奥巴马和他的批评者们都感到焦虑的许多挑衅性的问题。

其中有涉及到中国“辽宁号”航母的一些问题,诸如它的吨位、长度与以及与美国航母的比较等等。该研究认为,“辽宁号”排水量大约6万吨,这比日本直升机驱逐舰“出云号”排水量多出3万吨,此外,也比印度维克拉玛蒂亚号航母大很多。然而,辽宁舰的尺寸远远不如目前部署在日本的美国海军第七舰队的“里根”号尼米兹级航母,后者要比辽宁舰重45%,长度也超过其30米。

该研究认为,这些数字说明,辽宁舰“既不可小看,也不是重量级的航母”。

此外,该研究也详细分析了中国军费。该研究列出数字标配是奇偶,尽管在2001到2015这15年间,中国军费有巨幅提升,但它基本与中国的经济发展增速步调一致。不过,中国的军费预算与美国相比可谓“相形失色”。美国在全球范围内都有军事力量,然而中国在任何海外国家和地区均没有任何基地,且中国的国防利益主要都聚焦在亚太地区之内。

该中心的中国军事事务研究中心主任菲利普·桑德表示,如果中国开始扩大其影响区域,那么中国就要被重新评估。“力量投射确实是一个超级大国的标志——你可以去任何地方,让你的军队去做任何事,在这方面,中国还远远落后。”他称。

而关于“中国目前是发达国家还是发展中国家?”这个问题,该研究给出的答案是“二者同时并存”。研究认为,中国目前在提高人口人口寿命、降低新生儿死亡率方面确实取得了进展,但是,心脏病等慢性病的发病率也开始上升。此外,环境污染等问题也开始显现。贫富差距问题仍然存在。

据报道,与国际战略研究中心实验室共同建造“中国力量”( ChinaPower)的发起人邦妮·格拉泽表示,中国是否能成为与美国相抗衡的大国需要从中国内部要素来分析,但是在军事力量方面,中国确实是十分落后的。她希望这一网站成为白宫及其他需要对中国有深入了解以便制定政策的有用资源。(实习编译:于倩 审稿:谭利娅)

责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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