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美媒:空海一体战低效 封锁海运打击中国更有效

2014-06-11 11:13:22   环球网

【环球军事报道】美国未来用什么战略来遏制中国?“空海一体战”?这或许已经过时了。美国《国家利益》网站10日称,空海一体战既带有挑衅性,又非常低效。相比之下,切断中国进出口贸易通道的“离岸控制”战略要有效得多。

《国家利益》的这篇文章称,2010年美国战略和预算评估中心提出了空海一体战的概念。根据这个概念,一旦和中国开战,美国军队将攻击中国情报监视系统和防空系统,紧接着展开轰炸中国陆基弹道导弹和反舰导弹的大型战役,以掌握并维持在空中、海上、太空和网络的主动权。该报道称,“空海一体战”概念存在多个重大缺陷。首先,这是危险的挑衅。中国二炮部队同时控制常规导弹和核导弹,美国对这支控制中国战略核力量的部队发动攻击,可能会导致不可控的冲突。同时美军要发现并摧毁中国大部分机动式导弹,堪称是“让人望而却步的任务”,在海湾战争中,美军在执行这类任务时几乎是完败。文章称,“空海一体战概念在三个重要领域(致盲、清除指挥控制节点以及压制发射系统)获得成功的机会非常小。它还要面对攻击中国大陆带来的高风险以及这种攻击会使得冲突更难收场的可能。”

该报道建议,美国应将“离岸控制”作为一种有效的并且在与中国的常规冲突中可供使用的方法。“离岸控制”并不攻击中国,而是利用地理优势阻止进出口贸易,严重削弱经济。这种战略不会冒险穿越中国的领空,可减小冲突升级为核战的可能,并让冲突更方便得到中止。该文称,这种战略将更好地利用中国军事弱点。在第一岛链外,解放军作战能力明显下降。美国可以宣布某个区域为海上禁航区,该区域的船只将被扣押或者击沉。通过阻止大型货船和油轮的通过,可相对较快地严重打乱中国经济。“对于中国而言,出口更为重要。这些出口依赖大型集装箱船,因为其运费低廉。”

接受《环球时报》记者采访的一名中国专家10日评论称,美国公开宣称他国不应妨碍舰船在国际海域的自由通行,但却鼓吹封锁中国附近的海域,证明在对付中国时,美国可以抛弃任何他们提倡的原则和国际准则。即便如此,“离岸控制”战略也不太可能像想象的那样顺利。美国在亚洲有不少盟国,但它们大多指望美国提供保护伞,并不愿意为美国利益引火烧身。此外,如果中国进出口贸易受到影响,将破坏全球一体化经济秩序,美国也不会独善其身,甚至世界经济都会受到影响。▲ (张亦驰)

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