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俄媒关注中国055型驱逐舰海试:将组亚洲最大水面舰队

2018-08-30 08:38:42   参考消息 

原标题:俄媒关注中国055型驱逐舰海试:将组成亚洲最大水面舰队

参考消息网8月30日报道 俄媒称,中国首艘055型驱逐舰出海试航。中国将其归类为万吨级驱逐舰。而许多外国军事专家更愿意将这艘军舰称为导弹巡洋舰。

据俄罗斯《消息报》网站8月29日报道,这当然不是航母——根据不同的消息来源,055型驱逐舰的排水量约在1.2万吨至1.3万吨之间。在当今的非航母战舰中,055型驱逐舰的排水量立即跻身三甲:排在它之前的眼下只有美国的“朱姆沃尔特”级驱逐舰和俄罗斯1144型(北约代号基洛夫级)核动力巡洋舰。

报道称,055型驱逐舰拥有相当令人印象深刻的武器装备。主要火力来自垂直发射器中的导弹,总的来说,055型驱逐舰可携带112枚不同类型的导弹。像绝大多数现代化大型舰船一样,055型驱逐舰也有通用火炮系统,单管130毫米舰炮既能够射击空中目标,还能攻击海上和沿岸设施。为对付潜艇,055型驱逐舰设有能容纳两架中型直升机的机库。

报道指出,055型驱逐舰载有各种无线电电子和声呐设备,包括相控阵雷达、电子战系统、舰首声呐和拖曳阵声呐。

报道还指出,考虑到中国人民解放军海军的发展趋势,可以推测055型驱逐舰具有两个主要“身份”:为未来中国航母护航的主力,以及独立打击战斗群的核心,可与航母编队协动或单独行动。

报道认为,预计中国打算建造8艘055型驱逐舰。它们与052B/C/D型的21艘驱逐舰以及众多护卫舰和轻型护卫舰相结合,将成为亚洲最大的水面舰队,规模仅次于美国海军。与此同时,鉴于美国的全球野心以及必须将相当一部分海军力量留在世界其他地区,中国有望在“自家的”西太平洋水域中占据上风。

报道称,在正常的和平时期条件下,一支庞大的舰队将使中国能够可靠地控制东南亚和印度洋的通信,确保自己与非洲和中东的贸易安全,并在必要时发动令人印象深刻的力量到地方冲突地区。

报道还称,在中国在太平洋的直接竞争对手中,除了美国之外,还有日本、韩国和澳大利亚的海军。目前,中国海军在舰船数量和武器的多样性和技术性能方面已经优于上述三个国家的舰队。事实上,倘若没有美国的支持,这几个严格来说军队居二流水平的国家,都没有能力与中国海军抗衡。

报道认为,目前与中国055型驱逐舰最接近的类似舰船是美国“泰孔德罗加”级巡洋舰,后者尺寸略小,但发射单元略多。055型有112个垂发装置,“泰孔德罗加”级则有122个。目前有22艘“泰孔德罗加”级巡洋舰在美国海军服役,分别在上世纪80、90年代入役。部分该级巡洋舰已经完成了升级改造,以便加入美国反导防御系统。此外,“泰孔德罗加”还积极地用于构成航母战斗群,充当防空防御舰,以及发射“战斧”巡航导弹摧毁陆地目标。

报道称,美国曾多次提出建造替代“泰孔德罗加”级的新巡洋舰的问题,但决定未能通过——要是出于经济原因。第一批中国巡洋舰试航很可能会让这些计划再次变得迫切,届时关注中国下一步举动将会很有意思。

报道表示,一些专家认为,中国可能会转向建造更大的导弹巡洋舰,类似俄罗斯的1144型导弹巡洋舰。无论如何,鉴于北京在海军建设方面的慎重认真以及战舰项目从简单到复杂的稳步发展,建造更大型导弹巡洋舰的任务很有希望在本世纪20年代后半段完成。(编译/朱丽峰)

资料图片:2017年6月28日,海军新型驱逐舰首舰下水仪式在上海江南造船(集团)有限责任公司举行。新华社发

资料图片:2017年6月28日,海军新型驱逐舰首舰下水仪式在上海江南造船(集团)有限责任公司举行。新华社发

责任编辑:刘敏丹 CN012
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