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中国首枚民营自主研发商业火箭今发射 有哪些黑科技

2018-05-17 08:28:48   重庆晚报

我国首枚民营自主研发商业火箭两江之星今日发射听航空专家专业解读

备受瞩目的我国首枚民营自主研发商业火箭“重庆两江之星”,定于今日在西北一基地发射。这枚火箭具有哪些“黑科技”,对航天产业有何意义?上游慢新闻-重庆晚报记者近日专访了重庆大学航空航天学院博士生导师胡建新教授,请他从专业角度为我们解读。

作用

降低成本

与其他行业相比,航天产业具有高技术、高成本、高风险等三大特点。同时,航天行业与军事、国家安全密切相关。往往各国都是从战略安全的需要,不计成本,发展航空航天产业。这导致现有航天产品成本高,民营火箭的投产应用,将大大降低航天产业成本、缩短研发周期,促进我国航天产业蓬勃发展。

特点

用户定制

在一个星期前举行的“重庆两江之星”首飞发布会上,重庆零壹空间自主研制的OS-X系列火箭采用其自研固体火箭发动机作为动力,发动机推力达到350KN,能够为客户载荷实现0~20马赫的飞行速度。

该火箭可灵活配置燃气舵、空气舵、姿控动力等多种控制机构,并具有很强的控制能力,可以根据用户的需求进行定制化设计,满足飞行试验所需的各类复杂飞行弹道。

优势

快速灵活

“相对于液体火箭发动机而言,固体火箭发动机具有易实现大推力、可靠性高、发射操作简单、使用维护方便等优点。”胡建新分析,正是由于采用固体火箭发动机作为动力装置,OS-X系列火箭具有可整体贮存、操作简单、发射成本低、发射周期短的特性,它最大的优势是“快速、便捷、灵活”,可实现卫星快速组网和补网,能很好地满足自然灾害、突发事件等应急发射需求。

“重庆两江之星”核心电气产品采用一体化综合控制机,率先实现了火箭控制测量系统的一体化、小型化、轻质化。一体化综控机的重量仅有1.8公斤,相较以往产品缩减至十分之一。

外观

代表两江

“重庆两江之星”箭长9米,箭身主体涂装由“重庆两江之星”文字和包围文字的两部分曲线图案组成。

两部分曲线图案分别代表了长江和嘉陵江,也就是重庆两江,并选取了重庆两江新区标识的颜色,让人能够直观感受到这枚火箭是为重庆两江新区量身打造。

零壹空间联合北京航空航天大学、南京航空航天大学、西北工业大学、哈尔滨工业大学等国内相关领域十多所顶级高校发起了“先进空天技术验证飞行联盟”。

此次与“重庆两江之星”一同首飞的,就有10所国内航空航天类顶尖高校校徽,以及“飞行联盟”的标志。

重庆两江之星火箭

长度9米

重量500公斤

动力自研固体火箭发动机

推力350KN

飞行速度0~20马赫

箭身主体涂装“重庆两江之星”文字和曲线图案(记者吴娟)

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