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最强冷空气来袭 你的秋裤找出来了吗?

2017-09-27 14:31:22   央视新闻

目前来看,本轮冷空气及后续补充冷空气的南下将造成我国北方地区在国庆期间气温较常年偏冷。在此次冷空气来临前,全国大部地区气温偏高,而冷空气过后,秦岭淮河以北地区气温将比常年同期略偏低1℃~2℃;秦岭淮河以南地区也将由前期的气温偏高转为接近常年。

记者:冷空气南下的原因是什么?此次过程有何特点?

张涛:目前已经过了“秋分”节气,北方亚欧大陆腹地的冷空气不断堆积,当出现合适的天气系统引导,冷空气就会东移南下影响我国。就这次的冷空气活动而言,中亚北部上空有个较深的高空槽,受高空槽引导,冷空气南下进入新疆地区,并自西向东影响我国中东部。

此次冷空气活动的特点是“东移快,南下慢”。目前,我国中高空呈平直的东西纬向环流,使冷空气不能自北向南快速扩张,因此冷空气在北方地区东移扩展速度较快,而在南下时又呈缓慢渗透的特点。正因如此,才会使秦岭淮河以南地区冷暖空气对峙明显,降雨更为频繁,降雨的时间也更长,而北方地区的降雨时间较短,雨量较小。

记者:冷空气的到来是否会加快全国入秋进程?

张涛:入秋的标准是连续5天日平均气温小于等于22℃。目前,我国北方入秋的地区主要在高原,如内蒙古、山西、陕西等地,河北的张家口、承德,北京北部山区也已入秋,但平原地区在此轮冷空气来临前还没有达到入秋标准。在此次冷空气过后,华北平原、黄淮等地将有可能入秋。

记者:目前正值秋收秋种期间,冷空气持续影响对农业生产有哪些不利影响?应如何做好防范?

张涛:冷空气带来的大风降温和降雨将对我国秋收作物产生不利影响。对北方地区来说,目前,秋收作物主要有玉米和东北地区的水稻,降温和强降水将不利于作物灌浆成熟和收获,大风还易导致部分作物倒伏。27日后,黑龙江、吉林的部分地区将出现初霜冻,对发育期偏晚的玉米、大豆等作物灌浆成熟不利。

在南方,由于近期华西地区降水较为频繁,江淮等地区也刚刚经历一轮强降雨,已经对水稻、棉花的成熟收晒及油菜播种育苗造成了一定影响。26日至27日,此轮冷空气南下后四川盆地东部、江汉、黄淮、江淮等地出现的大风和强降水,将会导致部分作物倒伏,对秋收作物收获晾晒、油菜播种育苗还将带来不利影响。

对此,北方农区应加强作物后期管理,防范大风降温和强降水对作物灌浆成熟的不利影响,已成熟地区要抓住有利天气及时收晒。西南地区、江汉、江淮等地抓紧收获已成熟作物,雨后及时排涝除渍,促进秋收作物成熟灌浆并适时播种油菜。

记者:冷空气对交通运输方面影响如何?公众在外出时需做好哪些防范事宜?

张涛:冷空气过程给多地带来降雨天气,会造成道路湿滑,同时在冷空气过后气温下降的地区,大雾天气出现的几率会明显增加,尤其是黄淮地区夜间容易出现大雾,因此,要防范道路湿滑、低能见度对交通出行的不利影响。对公众来说,从体感上能直观感受到“一场秋雨一场寒”。因此,在外出前需提前关注天气预报,做好防雨措施。同时,当前正值季节转换之际,当冷空气来临时,昼夜温差较大,尤其是体弱的老人、儿童、心肺血管疾病患者更要注意保暖,外出注意早晚添衣,预防感冒发生。

责任编辑:李皓 CN002
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