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中国民企500强为何没有阿里腾讯?被划进外企

2017-08-25 15:27:46   中国企业家

开曼群岛的税收也十分低廉,是企业界公认的“避税天堂”。根据开曼群岛的税收规定,岛内税种只有进口税、工商登记税、旅游者税等几个简单的税种。在其他国家常见的个人所得税、企业所得税、不动产税等税收,在开曼群岛均不收取。

开曼群岛无需交所得税,香港税率为16.5%,中国内地税率为25%。资料来源:腾讯2017年半年报

目前,为“做生意方便”而注册于开曼群岛的知名企业已不在少数。除了阿里巴巴和腾讯,李嘉诚的长江和记实业与长江实业地产的注册地均于2015年从香港迁至开曼群岛,当当网、优酷、360等高科技互联网公司,地产公司世茂地产,体育品牌李宁、安踏、特步等均在开曼群岛注册。

如此一来,阿里和腾讯因不符合评选条件,未能参选。

浙、苏、粤撑起半壁江山

在此次中国民企500强中,浙江、江苏、广东三地入围企业数量依次排在前三名。其中,广东上榜企业较上一年增加10家,浙江省减少14家,江苏省减少12家。

从营业收入总额看,各省份差异较大。浙、苏、粤三省入围民企的营业总额占所有500强民企的比重均超过17%,三者相加占总榜的半壁江山。排名第4的山东省占比为11.4%,而排名第5的北京占比只有5.33%。

另外,民企500强税后净利润前三为:华为、万科、万达。制造业500强前三为:华为、山东魏桥、正威国际。服务业前三为:苏宁控股、海航集团和中国华信能源。

根据全国工商联发布的调研报告,2016年民企500强加快转型升级明显。这一年,有77.6%的企业加快了转型升级进度,比上一年75%的比重有所提高。有2.4%的企业尚未启动转型升级,较上一年减少0.4个百分点。

查看近几年榜单,第二产业入围企业连续5年下降,而第三产业入围企业连续5年上升,从2012年的117家增至2016年154家。不过,500强民企中,制造业仍占主体,入围企业285家,相较去年减少6家,占比57%。

但是,民营工业企业转型升级压力大,市场准入限制仍然较多,法律保障还有所欠缺,融资难问题得不到有效解决,在技术提升、协同创新、品牌意识、人才培育等方面有待加强。

全国工商联调查发现,2016年,用工成本上升,税费负担重,融资难、融资贵仍是制约民营经济发展的前三大影响因素,分别占67.6%、57.6%和49.6%,国内市场需求不足和市场秩序不够规范分别列第4、第5位,分别占47%和44%。

附:2017中国民企500强榜单

责任编辑:孙启浩 CN037
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