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供给侧改革的“加减法”怎么做?习近平给出答案

2017-06-16 17:52:29   央视

精准施“减”持续用力

不破不立,汰旧立新。打好这场关系全局、关系长远的攻坚战,要用辩证思维做好“减法”:减少低端供给和无效供给,去产能、去库存、去杠杆,为经济发展留出新空间。因为无效、低端的供给不但占用了大量的资源、能源,而且还造成了巨大的浪费,挤占了经济发展的空间。

习近平总书记指出,在减的同时,还要减得准,不误伤,牵住“牛鼻子”,抓住问题根源精准发力。比如,在淘汰过剩产能的同时,要补足部分行业产能不足的短板;在推进三四线城市房地产去库存的同时,要警惕一二线城市房价过快上涨;在去杠杆的同时,对低杠杆、高成长性的企业也应根据需要适当增加杠杆。

循道而行,功成事遂。按照习近平总书记指明的路径,我国供给侧结构性改革持续发力,精准施“减”:去产能进展顺利,钢铁、煤炭分别完成了去产能任务的60%和40%以上;去库存效果明显,商品房待售面积5月末同比下降8.5%;去杠杆稳步推进,4月末规模以上工业企业的资产负债率是56.2%,同比下降0.6个百分点。总之,国民经济延续了稳中有进、稳中向好的态势,新动能快速成长,带动了传统产业改造升级,为经济发展注入了澎湃动力。

“加”出成效改出活力

习近平总书记强调:“做加法就是扩大有效供给和中高端供给,补短板、惠民生,加快发展新技术、新产业、新产品,为经济增长培育新动力。”当前,各地在推出去库存、处置“僵尸企业”等“减法”措施的同时,纷纷加大扶贫、水利设施投入、补环境短板、加快民生改善等力度。

但做“加法”不能“一窝蜂”,要避免重复建设,避免“强刺激”和“撒胡椒面”。比如,近年一些地区出现光伏热、风力发电设备重复建设等现象。做好供给侧结构性改革的“加法”,发展高新技术产业,就必须防止盲目投资、重复建设、浪费资源。

习近平总书记明确提出,要增加社会急需的公共产品和公共服务供给,缩小城乡、地区公共服务水平差距,加大脱贫攻坚力度。要把调存量同优增量、推动传统产业改造升级同培育新兴产业有机统一起来,振兴实体经济。要紧紧围绕经济竞争力的关键、消费升级的方向、供给侧的短板、社会发展瓶颈制约等问题,统筹部署创新链和产业链,全面提高创新能力,提高科技进步对经济增长贡献率。

最新经济数据表明,在供给侧结构性改革持续发力之下,我国产业结构不断优化,在减少无效供给的同时扩大了中高端供给,带动产业结构优化调整;服务和产品的供给质量稳步提升,共享经济、分享经济、智能家居等新业态都在快速发展;补短板亮点突出,生态环境保护投资、公共设施管理投资等都保持了比较快的增长。

供给侧结构性改革的“减法”与“加法”,不是一个简单的数学公式,而是一道时代命题。坚定不移把供给侧结构性改革向前推进,着力培育新动能,激发经济社会发展活力,中国经济的转型升级将获得强劲动力,不断前进的中国经济也将为世界经济复苏创造更多机遇。(文/张雷)

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