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食药监局击破十大食品谣言:低钠盐不是夺命盐

2017-06-07 01:26:37   北京晨报

你吃的紫菜和粉丝都是塑料做的?

真相:粉丝的主要成分就是淀粉和水,而淀粉本身就是一种碳水化合物,含碳氢元素,所以易燃,一般干粉丝都是可燃烧的。光凭能否燃烧来判定,不靠谱。紫菜藻体呈膜状,而塑料薄膜一般是用聚氯乙烯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯等热塑性塑料制成。紫菜和塑料薄膜差异较大,但由于工艺不同,可能有的紫菜好撕开,有的不好撕开,不能简单通过不好撕断定就不是紫菜,还是需要科学检测。

橘子变红,竟然是用针注射甜蜜素?

真相:水果使用甜蜜素的谣言谣传多年,不仅“注射”一说不靠谱,“浸泡”之法也基本不可能。因为柑橘表皮厚实且为油性,外界物质很难附着穿透,甜蜜素浸泡起不到增甜效果,包括金橘这种连皮吃的柑橘也不会使用甜蜜素。而且,注射甜味剂,虽能让橘子局部变甜,但这种橘子极易腐烂变质,得不偿失,一般不会被商贩所采纳。

黄鳝是避孕药催大的?

真相:黄鳝变得又粗又大是因为采用了科学的饲养方法,解决了影响黄鳝生长的水温和饵料等问题,与避孕药无关。在饲料中添加避孕药喂养黄鳝的科学试验显示,一个月内,黄鳝生长速度比不用药物的黄鳝快大约10%,但在一个月后开始大批死亡,死亡率高达50%以上。黄鳝的养殖生长周期一般都较长,如在大田生产中真的使用避孕药,将会造成严重损失。因此,黄鳝养殖中添加避孕药不仅没有必要,而且得不偿失。

隔夜饭致癌?

真相:一般隔夜菜亚硝酸盐含量不足以致癌。与新鲜蔬菜相比,隔夜菜中的亚硝酸盐含量会增加,但这个正常饮食的情况下也不至于达到致癌的量。以绿叶菜为例,如果烹调后不加翻动放入冰箱,24小时之后亚硝酸盐含量约从每公斤3毫克升到每公斤7毫克。人体摄入200毫克亚硝酸盐才可能发生中毒,这说明要达到中毒的量,至少一顿需要吃上几十公斤的隔夜蔬菜,就正常人而言,这明显是不可能的。

隔夜菜对健康最大的不利实际上是营养损失大,专家依然建议大家最好少吃。比如,维生素C比较怕热,炒菜时损失一般能达到30%至40%,如果二次加热,维生素C的含量就会保存得更少了。

化了又冻的雪糕有毒?

真相:有报道称,如果雪糕贮存时达不到所需贮存温度,会引起结构变化,甚至产生有害物质,如可溶性毒蛋白及胺类等。

专家称,有可溶性蛋白但没有“可溶性毒蛋白”的说法。蛋白质可能对人体造成危害主要有三种情况:一是蛋白质发生变质,分解出有害的其他物质,如富含蛋白质的鸡蛋、牛奶等变质,分解出硫化物;二是蛋白质会吸引细菌大量繁殖,吃了含这些有害菌的食物,就很可能导致胃肠道疾病;三是一些人会对蛋白质过敏。雪糕溶化再冻,最可能影响健康的情况可能是冷藏环境不符合要求,引发细菌过量繁殖,这和蛋白并没有关系。因此,建议买雪糕时首先要看是否在保质期内,包装有没有破损,通常应选择外形完好的雪糕,避免给细菌繁殖造成可乘之机。

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