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英媒:中国将引进世界最大货运飞机安-225(图)

2017-05-24 09:30:41   科技日报

安-225虽然载重能力惊人,但其对铺装跑道的要求很高,能够支持其起飞降落的机场很有限。据了解,整个中国也就十多个机场能够满足其起降要求。“安-225体量庞大,加之发动机动力强劲、数量多,工作时噪声惊人,所以对起降场地的适应能力较差,对机场跑道强度、长度和宽度以及繁忙程度等都有严格要求。排除空管繁忙、安全保障和干扰客运业务等因素,机场只有达到所谓4E以上标准才能起降安-225。”王群介绍。

“年龄大”但依然满足现实需求

有媒体认为安-225在前苏联的军用运输机“族谱”中,是相当“非主流与功能性”的存在。安-225相比安-124机身延长15米,货仓长度仅长了7米,翼展增加15.1米,最大起飞重量增加235吨,但飞机的基本截面并未改变,而且起飞滑跑距离长了1000米。这使得安-225相比安-124增加的常规运输能力相当有限,而且效能低下。

俄罗斯“航空港”网站执行总裁奥列格·潘捷列耶夫在接受媒体采访时也表示,距离安-124飞机确定外形已经有40多年了,很多建造这些飞机的技术解决方案已经失去了现实性。这种庞然大物至今未有同类产品问世的原因在于没有需求。

然而,王群指出,“这不能说技术方案已经失去了现实性,而且对安-225这样的超大型运输机需求还是有的,主要是进行远程或国际货物运输,包括现在中国正在推进的‘一带一路’建设项目中大型、特型基建设施的转运,特别是超长超宽的大型货物和其他运输方式难以承担的大型货物或重型装备的运输”。

他指出,从2011年到2016年,单中国就先后8次用安-225完成过国际货物运输飞行——7次在石家庄正定国际机场、1次在天津滨海国际机场起降。“况且,在军事上它还可以承担战略或重型军用物资和装备的快速运输任务,包括重型坦克、火炮甚至直升机、火箭、导弹和成套防空反导系统。尤其是特定情况下的航天装备快速发射,用它能迅速将火箭及附属设备运抵发射场,其效率是铁路和船舶等运输方式无法比拟的。”

记者了解到,有美国军事专家此前也表示,安-225还可以作为卫星等航天器的空中发射平台,这样做的好处就是,不需要建立庞大的火箭发射基地,发射时机的选择上也非常具有灵活性,成本上会降低一大截。

“当然,如果机场跑道环境不能得到很好保障,就无法安全起降安-225。因此,安-225的军事意义可能远不及体量稍小一些的安-124或美国的C-5M大,更不如体量更小但野战能力出众的美国C-17运输机,再说这三款军用运输机无论是出动率还是经济性也都胜于安-225。”王群表示。

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