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药品零加成政策落地有喜有忧 低价药现“招标死”

2017-05-15 02:50:03   经济参考报

数据显示,从4月8日至5月5日,北京三级医院门急诊次均药费与今年3月相比减少9.6%;住院例均费用减少4.1%;住院例均药费减少17.7%。二级医院门急诊次均药费减少14.8%;住院例均费用减少14.1%,住院例均药费减少24.0%。

公立医院“倒贴钱”补缺口

采访中,《经济参考报》记者也发现,一些地方公立医院取消药品加成后,相应的配套补偿措施不到位,导致公立医院“倒贴钱”等连锁反应,引发一些公立医院管理者和医护人员的担心。

去年起,湖南省所有城市公立医院全面实行药品零差率销售。然而,目前的情况是,政府补偿少,医疗服务费用的提高弥补不了药品收入的减少。

湖南省人民医院副院长向华说:“目前,湖南很多医院实行药品零差率后补偿率没有达到预期的80%。其中,湘雅三家医院平均补偿率为51.2%,湖南省直医院平均补偿率为67.44%。目前医院买设备靠的是医院自身利润,在实施药品零差率后,医院大型医疗设备的添置将面临资金不足的问题。这种情形如不加以改善,数年后公立医院将面临没有足够能力更换医疗设备的尴尬局面。”

湖南省政协委员、湘雅二医院教授王云华认为,现在湖南的大型公立医院药品价格降下去,检查费也降低了,这个缺口只能靠医疗服务价格来补偿。但是医院这方面的收费不足以弥补减少的药品加成和检查费用,一旦医院收支难以平衡,必定会影响医生的待遇和工作积极性。

四川省雅安市人民医院副院长张德明说,长期以来,公立医院无论是扩大规模还是改善软硬件设施,绝大部分投入主要依靠医院自筹资金解决,导致医院负债急速上升。取消药品加成以后,如果提高医疗服务价格不到位,政府补偿不足将导致公立医院在债务偿还能力方面雪上加霜。

“医务人员也是医改的主体,取消药品加成应该是一个综合的工程,但是目前在公立医院中,医生的劳务价值还没有得到很好的体现,尤其是妇产科、儿科医生,劳动强度大,24小时工作,还经常面临纠纷。取消药品加成后,医生的收入如何得到体现,这是医护人员普遍关心的问题。”四川成都新都区人民医院院长古翔儒说。

成都市新都区卫计局一名负责人说,公立医院应该通过收入结构调整,确保及时消化取消药品加成后造成的“缺口”。

低价药“中标死”引患者担心

《经济参考报》记者采访发现,在一些药品“零差率”政策已经落地的地方,由于落地仓促等原因,出现低价药、基本药物断供现象,引发患者担忧。业内人士表示,改革推进过程中,应谨防类似现象“蚕食”改革成果。

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