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新一轮中部崛起 武汉长沙郑州合肥谁领衔

2016-12-29 09:44:00   一财网

培育次级中心城市

中部六省人口密集,正处于加快城镇化的过程中。与沿海省份拥有“双子星”或“多子星”城市相比,中部省份大多只有一个中心城市,即省会。省会以外的城市与省会存在较大差距。

中部的湖北、安徽、河南等作为人口大省,城镇化率却较低;在未来这些地方的区域经济增长和城镇化,仅凭一个省会是不够的,如何像东部沿海发达地区一样,拥有更多的中心城市十分重要。好的是中部已有不少次级中心城市,目前正在不断壮大过程中。

湖北在培育次级中心城市方面走在前列。近几年来,湖北把宜昌、襄阳作为两个省域副中心城市发展,与武汉相互呼应,形成“一主两副”的鼎足发展格局。

从湖北省内来看,武汉市主要辐射在鄂东地区;襄阳是有着2800多年历史的文化名城,并有着良好工业基础,可以带动鄂西北十堰、随州等地区发展;宜昌是“世界水电之都”,坐拥三峡水电能源优势,加上区域优势可以带动恩施、荆州、荆门地区发展,这三座城市的辐射区域,基本可以覆盖湖北全域。

在“一主两副”的战略下,宜昌和襄阳两个城市发展迅速。去年两城的GDP双双突破3300亿大关。在中国社会科学院发布《2015年城市竞争力蓝皮书》中,宜昌、襄阳和武汉一起进入中国城市综合经济竞争力前100名。

在安徽,作为历史上“四大米市”之一的芜湖,已发展成除省会合肥之外的第二大城市,著名汽车企业奇瑞汽车坐落于此。今年初芜湖轨交规划获批,成为我国内陆省份中首个结缘城市轨道交通的非省会城市。

类似的还有河南洛阳,作为六大古都之一,洛阳也成为内陆省份中第二个获准修造城市轨道交通的非省会城市。去年洛阳的GDP超过3500亿元,是中部经济总量最大的非省会城市,甚至超过了山西省会太原。在城市人口规模方面,2013年洛阳的城区人口达到了253万,在全国排名第31位,排在了南宁、福州、南昌、宁波、兰州等省会城市、计划单列市之前。也就是说,未来在河南,除了省会郑州,洛阳将成为另一个城镇化的重要流入地。

此外,类似像江西九江、山西大同、湖南株洲等城市,未来的发展空间也都比较大。不过这些城市与省会相比仍有较大差距,未来需要通过一系列的政策支持,将这些次级中心城市培育壮大,以促进中部地区的平衡发展。

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