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中国11月CPI维持“2时代” PPI大涨步入“3时代”

2016-12-09 10:30:58   人民网

图2

二、各类商品及服务价格环比变动情况

11月份,食品烟酒价格环比上涨0.2%,影响CPI环比上涨约0.05个百分点。其中,鲜菜价格上涨5.5%,影响CPI上涨约0.14个百分点;鲜果价格下降2.2%,影响CPI下降约0.04个百分点;畜肉类价格下降1.2%,影响CPI下降约0.06个百分点(猪肉价格下降1.9%,影响CPI下降约0.05个百分点);水产品价格下降0.7%,影响CPI下降约0.01个百分点。

11月份,其他七大类价格环比三涨一降三平。其中,衣着、医疗保健、居住价格分别上涨0.6%、0.4%、0.2%;教育文化和娱乐价格下降0.3%;生活用品及服务、交通和通信、其他用品和服务价格均持平。

图3

对此,国家统计局城市司高级统计师绳国庆进行了解读。

一、居民消费价格环比微涨,同比涨幅略有扩大

11月份CPI环比上涨0.1%,环比变动呈现以下特点:一是食品价格环比由降转涨,价格环比上涨0.2%,主要是受鲜菜价格上涨的影响。进入冬季,鲜菜逐渐转为大棚生产为主,种植成本增加,加之受全国范围寒潮天气影响,鲜菜价格环比上涨5.5%,影响CPI上涨0.14个百分点;食品中,鲜果、猪肉、水产品、蛋类、禽肉价格环比继续下降,降幅分别为2.2%、1.9%、0.7%、0.6%和0.4%,合计影响CPI下降0.10个百分点。二是汽柴油和水电燃料价格上涨。国内汽油、柴油、液化石油气、居民用煤等能源价格上涨合计影响CPI上涨0.04个百分点。三是旅游价格季节性下降。飞机票和旅行社收费价格环比分别下降6.4%和2.1%,合计影响CPI下降0.05个百分点。

从同比看,CPI同比涨幅比上月扩大0.2个百分点。从具体分类看,鲜菜价格同比上涨15.8%,涨幅比上月扩大2.8个百分点;汽、柴油价格同比分别上涨4.6%和6.0%,涨幅分别比上月扩大2.3和3.4个百分点;水电燃料价格同比由上月持平转为上涨0.6%。上述各类价格变动合计影响CPI同比涨幅扩大0.15个百分点,是CPI同比涨幅扩大的主要原因。

二、工业生产者出厂价格环比和同比涨幅继续扩大

从环比看,11月份PPI上涨1.5%,涨幅比上月扩大0.8个百分点。环比变动的特点:一是工业行业价格普遍上涨。在调查的工业大类行业中,36个行业产品价格环比上涨,比上月增加9个,其余行业价格持平。二是部分重点行业价格涨幅继续扩大。其中,煤炭开采和洗选、黑色金属冶炼和压延加工、有色金属冶炼和压延加工业价格环比分别上涨10.3%、6.1%和5.0%,涨幅比上月分别扩大0.5、5.3和3.5个百分点,合计影响PPI环比上涨约0.9个百分点。

从同比看,11月份PPI上涨3.3%,涨幅比上月扩大2.1个百分点。在调查的工业大类行业中,29个行业产品价格同比上涨,比上月增加4个。其中,煤炭开采和洗选、黑色金属冶炼和压延加工、有色金属冶炼和压延加工、石油加工、化学原料和化学制品制造业价格同比分别上涨28.6%、22.2%、12.6%、9.0%和3.1%,涨幅比上月分别扩大13.2、9.1、8.9、5.4和2.8个百分点,合计影响PPI同比涨幅扩大约1.6个百分点,是PPI同比涨幅扩大的主要原因。

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