新闻 > 国内
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/945/20161202/30062822_3.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/07/06 02:38:36

Powered by China
China

聂树斌案改判无罪的法治意义

2016-12-02 19:06:37   人民网

首先,要坚持从司法规律出发贯彻落实刑事诉讼制度,消除冤错案件发生的土壤。

聂树斌案的出现,固然有着上世纪90年代办案科技力量不足、水平有限、执法规范化建设欠缺等方面的原因。但是任何时期发生冤错案件,都同样是一个悲剧。查办该案过程中存在的不当、错误的执法理念、执法方式都值得再次反思。如原判对聂树斌案定罪主要依据是聂树斌本人口供,凸显了口供为中心的办案思路和“笔录中心主义”的证据审查模式。以2012年我国《刑事诉讼法》修改和“两个证据规定”的出台为标志,我国刑事诉讼制度确立了保障人权、疑罪从无、证据裁判、从严掌握死刑案件证据标准等原则和制度。但是,在当前司法实践中,依旧存在着过于重视口供、有罪推定,甚至刑讯逼供、变相刑讯逼供等不当理念和行为,应当进一步加强制度建设,不再制订“命案必破”等可能导致司法不公,违反司法规律的不合理考核指标,防止因急功近利追求办案效率而造成冤错案件。

其次,以聂树斌案的平反为契机,推进完善刑事案件纠错机制,完善审判监督程序和证明标准体系。

聂树斌案虽然平反了,但是应该看到,这起案件平反的原因是偶然的,是王书金这个“真凶”或者“疑似真凶”落网、招供,并进入舆论视野后才成为一起备受关注的案件。而无论是此案“真凶落网”还是其他案件“死者复活”,都是小概率的事件。然而,刑事错案的纠正不能依赖“偶然”。要明确推翻有罪生效裁判的证据标准。从“有错才纠”走向“有疑即纠”。“有错才纠”是目前我国司法在再审程序上的基本观点,其对于再审启动条件的要求极高。而“有疑即纠”对于再审启动条件的要求显然降低。聂树斌案成为多年的“疑案”,在复审、听证阶段控辩双方存在的分歧主要是证据的证明标准问题,应当明确“疑罪从无”的“疑点”需要证明到何种程度即可作为无罪处理。为确保有错必纠,要充分保障被告人及其辩护人的诉讼权利。查阅聂树斌案完整卷宗,一直成为困扰该案代理律师的最大难题,当事人、辩护人依法享有的阅卷权等程序性权利要充分保障。对于重大、有社会影响力的案件,要将听证程序进一步规范化、常态化,保障公众知情权。

再次,正视和正确认识冤错案件的存在,特别是疑罪从无案件,要“权责统一”明晰错案责任,完善司法责任制。

“刑事司法的最高境界是无冤”。但是无论过去还是现在,完全避免冤错案件几乎不可能。例如在美国,根据密歇根大学法学院的统计,1989年到2013年之间,至少有1188名曾经被判处有罪者因出现新证据被改判无罪,每年约60-80名服刑犯人被改判无罪,但这只是冰山一角。对于保留死刑的我国和美国等,都存在着错杀的可能。而凶杀、强奸等特定犯罪在冤案中占有相当比例。对于冤错案件,追责程序是督促和预防冤错案件的制度保障,同时“权责统一”是现代法治的重要标志,其基本要求就是有权必有责、用权受监督、失职要问责、违法要追究。对冤假错案的追责,要公开透明,主动回应社会关注。冤假错案的追责同样要以事实为依据,以法律为准绳,明晰责任。

(作者系武汉大学刑事法研究中心主任)

责任编辑:李皓 CN002
上一页3/3下一页
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/945/20161202/30062822_3.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/07/06 02:38:36

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/945/20161202/30062822_3.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/07/06 02:38:36

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

聂树斌家属:处死聂树斌的决策者应被追责

2016-12-02 16:38:43

聂树斌改判无罪 聂母被搀扶走出法庭(组图)

2016-12-02 14:56:08

聂树斌案还不到画句号之时

2016-12-02 14:33:36

河北高院向聂树斌家属道歉 将调查是否存违法审判

2016-12-02 11:55:50
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/945/20161202/30062822_3.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/07/06 02:38:36

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/945/20161202/30062822_3.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/07/06 02:38:36

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/945/20161202/30062822_3.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/07/06 02:38:36

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/945/20161202/30062822_3.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/07/06 02:38:36

Powered by China
China

美图推荐

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/945/20161202/30062822_3.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/07/06 02:38:36

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/945/20161202/30062822_3.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/07/06 02:38:36

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/945/20161202/30062822_3.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/07/06 02:38:36

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/945/20161202/30062822_3.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/07/06 02:38:36

Powered by China
China

为您推荐

加载更多>>
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/945/20161202/30062822_3.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/07/06 02:38:36

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/945/20161202/30062822_3.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/07/06 02:38:36

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/945/20161202/30062822_3.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/07/06 02:38:36

Powered by China
China