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长征五号首发成功!人民日报记者带你探寻背后故事

2016-11-03 21:15:45   人民日报

在火箭垂直总装测试厂房内,能看到一群身穿橘红色工作服的小伙子,他们就是文昌航天发射场的首支吊装团队。担任长征五号火箭首飞任务的“吊装”01指挥员张再经告诉记者,火箭吊装是非常重要的一个环节,在火箭进场并经过水平测试后,将通过吊装工作将各级火箭和助推器垂直组装成一个整体,以便后续垂直测试、转运及加注发射等任务的顺利开展。由于工程结构原因,坐在操作间里的行吊操作手无法亲眼观测吊钩的位置和产品的状态,他的一切操作都要以吊装指挥员的哨音、指挥旗语和口令为准。吊装团队能做的,只能是通过大量的重复性训练,来一遍遍强化整个团队的默契程度。“每天重复同样的动作,没有人说苦,也没有人说累”张再经这样描述吊装团队每天的工作。

长征五号火箭从进场到组装,再到转运,直至最后发射成功后的撤场,离不开发射场的特装车司机。2016年9月,长征五号火箭分散在8个超大超长集装箱中,经由海运从天津港运至海南文昌清澜港。特装车司机朱尚尚和同事于金伟的任务就是分别驾驶1号和2号火箭运输车,将最大的两个火箭箭体集装箱从码头运至发射场区。特种装备车辆装满燃料后车重达150吨,时速必须控制在每小时5公里以内,封闭驾驶室由于防爆要求,没有安装空调,“从码头到场区的一个半小时,驾驶室温度至少40度,到达目的地后,全身湿透了。”记者在场区内见到了特种车辆,车身宽6米左右,足足占据两个车道,下方有56个轮胎,整个车远看就像一个巨型平板车。“接下来,我们还要保障载荷转场,液氧、液氮、液氢拉运,火箭集装箱运输等任务圆满完成!”朱尚尚自信地说。

不忘初心,使命托举——

“没有一丝一毫的懈怠放松”

火箭发射的万众瞩目时刻,亿万中国人都会在电视、网络、广播上听到一个口令:“……5、4、3、2、1,点火!”它出自火箭发射的01指挥员。01指挥员是航天发射的大脑,是火箭发射任务技术上、指挥上的NO.1,是火箭能否“顺利发射、准时发射、安全发射、成功发射、圆满发射”得以实现的关键。刚刚于6月25日担任长征七号火箭发射01指挥员的王光义回想起当时发射的场景,“不到火箭成功发射那一刻,不敢有一丝一毫的懈怠放松。”

胡旭东是长征五号火箭首飞任务的01指挥员。长征五号火箭演练任务期间,在泄回液氢对接二级氢排连接器时,突发重大故障,氢箱测压管与箭上连接处氢气泄漏,氢浓度报警仪瞬时发出刺耳的警报声,随时可能发生爆炸危险。胡旭东没有丝毫的迟疑、果断决策应急处置,与一线参试人员连续奋战40多个小时,成功处置这一重大故障问题,完成氢加排连接器脱落二次对接,创造了世界航天奇迹。“这期间没有吃一口饭、没有休息一分钟,直到故障排除、危险解除,我们才松了口气。”胡旭东和他的同事们始终把航天人的使命装在胸膛。

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