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广西崖壁惊现2500年前战国时期花山岩画群(图)

2016-10-29 21:16:01   

2016年10月27日,广西崇左市宁明县,分布在左江流域海拔345米崖壁上列入世界文化遗产名录的花山岩画。花山岩画密集分布在广西崇左市境内的左江及其支流明江两岸200多公里的崖壁上,遗产区面积6621公顷。岩画点从上游的宁明县珠山岩画开始,截至下游的江州区万人洞山岩画,途经宁明、龙州、江州、扶绥“三县一区”,共包含38个岩画点109处岩画4050个图像,沿江分布总长度105千米,是中国南方乃至亚洲东南部区域内规模最大、图像数量最多、分布最密集的赭红色岩画群。

位于广西宁明县城西北25公里的明江东岸的宁明花山岩画是世界同类岩画中面积最大、画面最集中,内容最丰富、保存最完好的一处岩画,被誉为中国稻作文化的最大标志、壮族文化的瑰宝和世界岩画的极品。据专家考证,花山岩画创作始于战国时期,沿至后汉,距今已有2500多年历史。花山岩画画面长达221米,高约40米,面积8000多平方米。是世界单幅体量最大的一处岩画,现存各种图像111组1951个,画面以人物造型为主,还有铜鼓、刀、剑、羊角钮钟和野兽等,人物图像大多呈双手向上弓张,双腿半蹲舞状。图像记录了古骆越人的祭祀、战争、舞蹈等场面,反映了古代西瓯骆越民族的生产、生活情况,从中可以了解到中国壮族和东南亚许多民族的历史发展状况。其图像之多、分布之广密、作画条件之艰险、难度之大,被公认为国内外罕见。

花山岩画历史悠久、壮族文化特征明显、民族文化内涵丰富、艺术手法古朴高超,真实记录了古代骆越社会活动情景,展现出强烈的民族进取精神,具有很强的艺术内涵和重要的考古科研价值。据了解,为了保护好古代遗存的花山岩画,从2006年以来,宁明县累计投入1600万元资金,完成三期岩画保护工程。宁明花山岩画开裂岩石抢救性加固工程,不仅有效保护了花山岩画,更为中国南方涂绘类岩画的保护,探明了一条切实可行的路子,被称为是一个创造性的、堪称岩画保护领域里的典范工程。而自1999年花山岩画申遗工作开展以来,截至目前,宁明共投入申遗工作经费1.8亿多元。据介绍,宁明花山遗产区属于左江花山岩画文化景观第一遗产区,包含珠山岩画、龙峡山岩画、高山岩画和花山岩画4处岩画点。4个岩画点现存图像2668个,占整个左江花山岩画文化景观遗产区岩画图像的66%。1988年1月宁明花山岩画被国务院公布为全国重点文物保护单位,同年8月,以宁明花山岩画为中心的花山风景区被定为国家级风景名胜区,2016年7月15日,以宁明花山岩画为核心的左江花山岩画文化景观成功列入世界文化遗产名录。

责任编辑:孙启浩 cn037
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