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外交部官员:香港2047年后不存在“民主自决”问题

2016-10-20 08:06:49   新华网

外交部驻港特派员宋哲

原标题:外交部驻港特派员:香港根本不存在所谓“自决”问题

新华社香港10月19日电外交部驻港特派员宋哲19日发表文章强调,“一国两制”五十年不变,指的是香港的资本主义制度和生活方式五十年不变,“一国”则是永远不变。“后2047前途”应是香港在“一国”前提下实行什么样的政治、经济和社会制度问题。这属于中央授权的高度自治范畴,根本不存在“民主自决”问题。

在当日出版的《华尔街日报》亚洲版上,宋哲发表了题为《“自决”在香港是个伪命题》的署名评论文章,从国际关系和外交的角度论述在香港谈论“自决”的误导性和迷惑性。

文章说,“自决”是个有特定涵义的国际法语汇。二战后,《联合国宪章》等一系列国际法律文件确认了“自决权”,一批亚洲、非洲等地的殖民地国家获得了独立。联合国大会同时也明确表示,“任何旨在部分或全部分裂国家团结和破坏其领土完整的企图都与联合国宪章原则相违背”,对自决权加以限制。

冷战结束前后,“自决”概念出现滥用和扩大化迹象,与“分离”混同起来。一些国家的地区以“自决”为借口提出“分离”要求,但这些所谓“自决”要求不具备国际法基础,不被本国大多数人民支持,也未得到国际社会广泛认可。联合国前秘书长吴丹曾表示,联合国“不会接受所谓会员国特定区域有权从母国分离的原则”。

文章认为,无论意味着“独立”还是“分离”,“自决”都与香港隔着十万八千里远。从历史讲,香港在鸦片战争前一直在中央政府连续有效管辖之下。从法理讲,1997年7月1日中央政府恢复对香港行使主权,国家宪法和基本法明确规定了香港是国家不可分离的一部分。从文化讲,香港与内地同宗同源、血脉相连,同属“中华文化”。既然从来没有什么“香港民族”,香港也非外国统治下的殖民地,根本就不存在什么“自决”问题。

文章表示,在英国殖民统治的一百多年里,香港同胞从未享有过当家作主的权利。香港回归祖国后,在“一国两制”政策安排下,香港同胞才能真正当家作主,实现“港人治港”、高度自治。这种高度自治,是很多联邦制国家内的联邦主体都不享有的。如香港享有独立的司法终审权,中央政府不在香港征税;而美国的州既无司法终审权,也要向联邦政府缴税。

在这种情况下,如果有人还在香港大谈“自决”,只有两种可能:或是对“自决”有模糊或错误认识;或是别有用心,故意偷换概念,混水摸鱼。如果是后者,只会将香港引向极其危险的未来,损害国家和香港的根本利益,这是注定要失败的。

文章指出,对香港而言,当前最紧迫的任务是集中精力发展经济、改善民生,并充分发挥自身优势,找好“国家所需、香港所长”的结合点,在与国家共同发展中迎来新机遇,而不是炒作一些似是而非、有害无益的错误概念。

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