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“嫦娥三号”最新科研成果:月球没有水!

2016-08-01 06:36:42   央视

首次获得地球等离子体层图像

嫦娥三号”的另一个重要任务,就是观察它的故乡——地球。在地球周围有几道天然屏障,其中第一个就是等离子体层,它可以延伸到地球表面以外四万公里左右。着陆器上安装的全球首个极紫外相机,就是专门用来观测等离子体层变化的设备。

太阳风暴形成的巨大脉冲,会对围绕地球运转的人造天体,比如导航卫星、通信卫星等的通信功能造成严重破坏。将等离子体层变化作为监测太阳风暴的风向标,这是“嫦娥三号”独有的本领。目前极紫外相机已获取了1300多幅地球等离子体层图像数据。为空间天气预报提供了大量依据,保障了地面通讯,以及地面与航天器之间的通讯安全。

新闻多看点

着陆器状态良好月球车停止工作

“嫦娥三号”月球探测器包括着陆器和巡视器两部分,两个设备上共装有8台科学仪器。这次公布的最新科研成果,就是由这8台仪器提供的。

今年7月28日,“嫦娥三号”着陆器进入到第33个休眠期,大概持续半个月。跟地球一样,月球上也有白天和黑夜,此次嫦娥三号着陆器进入休眠期,相当于是在晚上睡觉。

一般来说一个月夜是14天左右,月夜期间,由于温度比较低,达到零下180摄氏度,研制人员给着陆器配备了一台电暖气,产生的热量可以传导到每一个角落,让着陆器能够舒舒服服的“睡上一觉”。

不同于着陆器,“玉兔号”月球车能够在月球行走,这次公布的全世界第一幅月球地质剖面图,就是它所携带的科学设备拍摄的。目前“玉兔号”月球车已经完成了使命,停止工作。

我国“组合动力飞行器”开始研制

浩瀚的宇宙太空对于普通人而言是可望而不可及的,但现在我国研制的一项新技术有望改变这个现状。来自中国航天科技集团的消息,我国“组合动力飞行器”项目已经开始研制,这就意味着,普通人上太空的成本和门槛,未来将有望大大降低。

我国正在进行研制的“组合动力飞行器”,是一种集成涡轮发动机、冲压发动机、火箭发动机等多种动力的飞行器。根据设计,它在起飞时,会使用普通飞机所配备的涡轮发动机,当飞行器达到一定速度后,再使用适应高速飞行的冲压发动机进行冲刺,最后在大气稀薄的地方点燃火箭发动机,实现入轨。

通过多种发动机“各司其职”,在距离地面几十公里的大气层以内,组合动力飞行器利用氧气就可以完成飞行,进入太空之后,再使用不依赖空气的火箭发动机,这样就大大降低了进入太空的成本,未来它将主要应用于距离地球几十公里到几百公里的太空飞行。

责任编辑:孙启浩 cn037
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