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丽江千名商户抵制“古城维护费” 传言收费致亏损

2016-06-02 07:41:19   中国网

■纵深

古城维护与收费之困

新京报记者梳理发现,收费问题引发的争议并非只有丽江古城一处出现过。此前,湖南凤凰古城开启收费模式,要求每位游客要买148元的门票才能进入古城游览,引起极大争议,当地直到今年4月份才宣布停止景区“大门票”,叫停“围城收费”。

凤凰与丽江的转变

据公开报道,今年五一长假期间,叫停“围城收费”后的凤凰县,游客陡增,旅游收入不断上涨,城外各大酒店均已满客,数据显示,2016年4月凤凰接待游客132.16万人次,旅游收入达10.89亿元,同比增长9.02%和5.32%,被称作“凤凰古城在舍弃门票的‘小利’后,换来了旅游经济发展的‘大利’”。

2013年凤凰古城实施捆绑售票时,云南当地媒体报道称,“与凤凰相比,在丽江古城,你看不到设置栅栏的收费处,任何人都可以自由出入古城千百次不受干预。”

时任丽江市古城保护管理局局长和仕勇在接受媒体采访时说,丽江古城开始征收古城维护费“以城养城”后,有效地让丽江古城真实性保护与旅游开发矛盾得到了缓解。当时,即便在淡季,古城每天也有上万人。

短短3年,这座曾经“看不到设置栅栏收费处”的古城,为何收费悄然变严?当地并未透露。

中国未来研究会旅游分会副会长刘思敏分析,此前古城并未设卡,对游客征收较宽松,管理费主要是通过商户和对其他官方景区进行捆绑收取,以这种方式区分观光游客和度假游客,“观光的要去景区,度假的不去景区。”此后,丽江逐渐成为度假旅游景区,观光的成分比较小,“可能导致观光游客数量下降,所以开始就增设了更多关卡来收取费用。”

“门票承担的‘古维费’”

昨日,古城管理局官网发文表示,“丽江古城作为一个5A级景区,与其他5A级景区的不同之处在于,它并没有门票收入。因此,从一开始,‘古维费’便承担起了丽江古城的门票功能。”“自丽江古城维护费征收审计以来,截至2015年,未发现资金使用违纪违规行为。”

根据相关资料,截至2015年底,“古维费”累计征收入库277198万元,累计贷款391200万元,在丽江古城保护与管理工作中,累计投入资金662755万元开展实施了基础设施建设、遗产风貌整治、不协调建筑拆除、三线入地等保护管理工程,目前仍有15.68亿元的债务余额。

“古城用收门票的办法也是不得已,古城的管理,包括安全、保卫方方面面都需要雇用员工,作为最早开发的古城之一,现在再次说明靠门票的办法,来解决地方政府收入的路越缩越窄,”北京第二外国语学院教授、资深旅游专家王兴斌说,丽江景区在未加强管理前,可能类似凤凰古城,存在部分客栈老板也能出来接客人入内的情况,收费变严后,游客可能因此前往大理古城等旅游景点。“不如考虑柔和一点的办法,如过去地方政府对商户的税收管理不是很严,有很多漏洞,可依据国家法律严格税收,避免过去一刀切的办法。按照门面和类型交钱,这也是对政府管理新的考验。”

中国人民大学中国休闲经济研究中心主任王琪延表示,应该取消门票。虽然取消门票会损失一部分“古维费”,但是景区可以尝试搞一些有创意的东西,让游客在景区进行消费,将文化和旅游相融合,“例如举办大型演出,举办演出者和景区经营者进行利益的合理分配,以此弥补这一损失。”

责任编辑:翟明 CN040
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