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习近平眼中的民生短板有哪些?

2016-01-09 17:53:10   新华网

涨收入:缩小收入差距 加大再分配调节力度

要坚持和完善社会主义基本分配制度,努力推动居民收入增长和经济增长同步、劳动报酬提高和劳动生产率提高同步,不断健全体制机制和具体政策,调整国民收入分配格局,持续增加城乡居民收入,不断缩小收入差距。

——习近平主持政治局集体学习(2015年11月23日)

据国家统计局2015年2月26日发布的《2014年国民经济和社会发展统计公报》披露,2014年中国居民收入基尼系数为0.469,超过国际公认0.4的贫富差距警戒线。

社科院数据显示,2012年城乡居民高收入家庭(最高20%收入家庭)的人均年收入为43797.5元,而低收入家庭的人均年收入为1587.7元,两极家庭人均收入水平相差20多倍。此外,国家卫生计生委公布的《中国家庭发展报告2015》显示,收入最高20%家庭的收入是最低20%家庭的19倍。这两个数据都表明,中国家庭收入差距明显已成为不可忽略的社会问题。

“十三五”规划建议中指出,要缩小收入差距。坚持居民收入增长和经济增长同步、劳动报酬提高和劳动生产率提高同步,持续增加城乡居民收入。调整国民收入分配格局,规范初次分配,加大再分配调节力度。

同时,实行有利于缩小收入差距的政策,明显增加低收入劳动者收入,扩大中等收入者比重。加快建立综合和分类相结合的个人所得税制。多渠道增加居民财产性收入。规范收入分配秩序,保护合法收入,规范隐性收入,遏制以权力、行政垄断等非市场因素获取收入,取缔非法收入。

  重健康:推进公立医院综合改革 加快建设健康中国

没有全民健康,就没有全面小康。医疗卫生服务直接关系人民身体健康。要推动医疗卫生工作重心下移、医疗卫生资源下沉,推动城乡基本公共服务均等化,为群众提供安全有效方便价廉的公共卫生和基本医疗服务,真正解决好基层群众看病难、看病贵问题。

——习近平在镇江市丹徒区世业镇卫生院调研时指出(2014年12月13日)

尽管我国的医疗保险制度的改革和建设已经取得了长足的进展,但总体上看,社会医疗保险制度改革的进展还不尽人意。存在着社会医疗保险覆盖范围狭窄、多层次的医疗保障体系尚未真正形成、医疗卫生体制改革与医疗保险制度改革不配套、政府对医疗资源投入不足等问题。

“十三五”规划建议中指出,推进健康中国建设。深化医药卫生体制改革,实行医疗、医保、医药联动,推进医药分开,实行分级诊疗,建立覆盖城乡的基本医疗卫生制度和现代医院管理制度。

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