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剖析京津冀雾霾频发:原煤散烧是空气污染重要来源

2016-01-03 14:25:38   中国新闻网

专家认为,实施电能替代、集中供热,能有效防止劣质煤散用,解决污染排放监管和控制的难题。中国能源研究会常务理事余春平介绍,我国目前燃煤发电除尘、脱硫和脱硝效率分别达到99.9%、95%和80%以上,污染控制水平远超其他煤炭消费行业,若进一步实施超低排放改造,主要污染物排放可以达到甚至低于燃气发电的排放限值。

煤改电、集中供热等工作正在推进,但由于成本和交通等条件限制,一些城乡接合部和农村地区不得不使用散煤,想办法让百姓用上优质煤就成为重中之重。

目前,一些地方正大力推广洁净型煤,与传统散煤相比,燃烧后产生的硫化物、氮氧化物、粉尘都可大幅减少。河北计划到2017年全省各市县主城区及周边农村居民用煤和农用煤全部实现洁净型煤配送,农村燃煤清洁利用和替代90%以上。

但型煤的推广并不容易。记者算了一笔账:在河北,洁净型煤每吨售价800多元,而较便宜的普通散煤才300多元。政府对型煤补贴则看财力状况,有多有少,少的300多元,部分居民自担费用仍高于散煤使用成本,这还不算需要重新购置燃煤炉具的成本。此外,不少居民对于型煤这一新事物接受度较低,认为其“贵又不好烧”。

左前明认为,有效推广洁净型煤的应用,一方面,生产企业要通过技术改造进一步提高质量降低成本,另一方面,因地制宜制定合理的补贴机制,提高居民的环保意识也同样重要。

责任编辑:翟明 CN040
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