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黑龙江访民被认定敲诈政府13次 获刑3年罚5万

2015-12-04 08:52:12   中国新闻网

在判决书中,一审法院回应了一审时辩护人的说法:被告人明知应当按照诉讼程序解决其丈夫死亡问题,而拒不提起诉讼,因而采取非正常上访的形式,给属地政府施加压力,属地政府为确保信访稳定,在劝返不能的情况下被迫答应其要求,葛立梅的行为已经构成敲诈勒索罪。

同时,在政府工作人员劝返过程中,以种种借口索要钱款,并让政府向其提供的卡内汇款,具有勒索的故意,并且实施了勒索的行为,虽辩解不是上访延寿县政府,但其主观上具有勒索国家机关的故意。

在一审判决后,获刑3年的葛立梅已提起上诉。昨日,哈尔滨中院初步决定,将二审开庭时间暂定于2016年1月份。

-焦点

4.5万是敲诈款还是救助金?

一审判决书中显示,12位来自延寿县政府、延寿县信访办、延寿县公安局、寿山乡政府等单位的工作人员证实,每次都是葛立梅“主动要钱”。

在与葛立梅有过电话沟通的寿山乡党委书记寇金森,在庭上称:寿山乡政府在处理葛立梅信访案件过程中,每次都是葛立梅以各种理由要钱,不给钱不回来,到现在总共给了4万多元。

但对于这4.5万元是否为敲诈款的核心问题,葛立梅认为这些钱都是政府部门的人主动给的。

在新京报记者获得案件卷宗中,有手机短信和通话录音文件显示,在双方交流中,多是政府人员主动提起救助、钱款事宜。

录音显示,今年1月5日,葛立梅曾在与寿山乡党委副书记王兴赋的通话中谈到,寇金森(寿山乡党委书记)让自己以困难救助的名义写申请,葛立梅当时有顾虑,问:“能瞎写吗?写完了他反过来再告我敲诈勒索?”王兴赋说:“不能。”

今年3月3日,葛立梅与王兴赋再次通话,电话中王兴赋称:“你非要访的话,肯定不能给你钱,一分也不带给你的。”葛立梅说:“那我不要,一分也不要。”

今年5月16日,寇金森在电话里说:“你生活上有困难我没帮你?要人心比自心,按月给你钱,生活上有困难给你,都比我工资高。”葛立梅则回复:“我不是为了那点生活费,我想赶紧把事解决了。”

葛立梅的辩护律师认为,这些证据足以证明,是政府部门工作人员主动联系葛立梅并给予救助,所以这笔钱并非敲诈勒索而来。

专家说法

“机械套用敲诈罪名构成要件”

葛立梅案的代理律师舒向新介绍,近几年,政府告访民敲诈勒索的案件层出不穷。仅他知道的,就有河南内黄冯改娣案、山东青岛柳娟案、内蒙古通辽赵艳波案、河南周口张兰梅案等等。

根据刑法,敲诈勒索罪是指以非法占有为目的,对被害人使用威胁或要挟的方法,强行索要公私财物的行为。

中国政法大学教授洪道德认为,一般来说,敲诈勒索总是要对被害人及其亲属的生命、身体自由、名誉等进行威胁,政府机关非自然人,不存在“生命、身体自由”等;政府机关天然要接受公民的批评与监督,损害名誉也无从谈起。

所以,敲诈勒索罪应该不存在于国家机关和个人之间。若有,也只有一种可能:公民声称要制造巨大危险,故意造成恐慌,利用政府保民保安全的心理,来实施敲诈。

就此案来说,上访是公民的基本权利,葛立梅上访是为了自己已受到的损失向监狱或政府提出合理的补偿,并不构成敲诈勒索。“当地法院的判决缺乏正当性,属于机械套用法律关于敲诈勒索罪的构成要件。”洪道德说。

洪道德认为,国家机关实际上是不可能被敲诈的。“如果国家机关行使权利和履行职责都没有错误,就应该不会怕民众上访和各种要求,不会为了防止上访,而用钱收买他们。”

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