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福建漳州PX工厂爆炸 90公里外厦门有震感(图)

2015-04-07 07:03:46   新京报

文件称,“为了确保停工检修顺利进行,把检修对环境影响降到最低”,“检修期间,我司开停工阶段,可能会有短暂异味;火炬将排放明火及黑烟;在装置吹扫过程中,蒸汽排空可能产生较大噪声。”“以上事件都在可控范围内,我司将竭尽全力,将影响降到最低,给各位村民带来的影响,请各位村民予以谅解。”

而该工程师称,清明节前,该厂就完成了所有的检修项目,清明节第一天通知开工,一直到昨天,工厂都处在开工状态。工厂是中控室操作,工程师都在控制室里发指令,外面会有人不定期去油罐附近巡视,昨天所有值班工作人员现在都联系上了,一个都没有死。

  ■ 追访

  当地官员曾保证不会发生爆炸

《南方周末》2014年1月9日曾报道福建漳州古雷半岛上的PX项目。文章称,在全国都对PX避之唯恐不及的时候,古雷PX却办得有声有色。为此,南方周末记者扮演“古雷岛上和PX工厂做邻居的岛民”,与古雷开发区管委会常务副主任曾平西进行了对话。

在回答记者“古雷将来有发生这种爆炸的可能性吗”这个问题时,曾平西回答道:“肯定不会,因为古雷规划好了,将来输油管线就不经过居民区。”

记者再问,“万一爆炸,会波及我们吗?”曾平西再答:“不会。正式投产时所有的居民都搬迁到十几公里之外去了。而且中间还有一个一公里的绿化带,种大树。”

新京报记者发现,这个腾龙芳烃PX原选址于厦门,但在预落地时就遭到了当地市民的强烈抵制。因担心其污染环境,2007年3月,105名政协委员建议项目迁址。2007年6月1日,市民集体上街散步抵制PX项目,厦门市政府最终宣布暂停工程。

经协调,该项目自2009年在漳州市古雷半岛再次启动。据当地媒体报道,从厦门撤出的PX项目在古雷半岛得到了福建省和漳州市领导的全力支持,这个高速建设的项目被誉为“古雷奇迹”。

这已是漳州古雷半岛的腾龙芳烃PX厂区第二次大型事故。2013年7月30日4时35分,腾龙芳烃的PX厂房发生爆炸。事故原因为对二甲苯项目一条尚未投用的加氢裂化管线在充入氢气测试压力过程中,发生焊缝开裂闪燃,导致管线部分受损。事故所幸未造成人员伤亡,设备无重大损伤,无物料泄漏。

昨晚居民们说,此次爆炸声响已超过了2013年发生的爆炸事故。

昨日18时56分许,福建省漳州古雷腾龙芳烃二甲苯装置发生漏油起火事故,截至发稿时,中间罐区仍有2个重石脑油和1个重整液储罐着火。据新华社

在2013年腾龙芳烃PX爆炸之前,中海油惠州炼厂、大连福佳大化、辽阳石化、上海金山石化的PX装置也都出现过起火事故。

2011年7月11日,中海油惠州炼厂大火,该炼厂对外称系“重整生成油塔底泵机械密封泄漏着火”。而此前有媒体称,2009年,大连福佳大化PX项目开工之初,亦曾出现过一起不为外界所知的起火事故,原因亦是焊口的焊接不合格。

  ■ 链接

  PX可刺激眼及上呼吸道

PX是石油化工产业链中的中间产品,主要用于制取PTA(精对苯二甲酸)和DMT(对苯二甲酸二甲酯),也是制取合成纤维的原料,是纺织服装、塑料制品等日用消费品生产的上游中间原料之一。

公开资料显示,PX对眼及上呼吸道有刺激作用,高浓度时对中枢神经系统有麻醉作用。短期内吸入较高浓度可出现眼及上呼吸道明显的刺激症状、眼结膜及咽充血、头晕、恶心、呕吐、胸闷、四肢无力、意识模糊、步态蹒跚。重者可有躁动、抽搐或昏迷,有的有癔病样发作。

北京大学环境科学院研究员阳平坚对新京报记者称,2013年该工厂爆炸的原因系氢气管道,而此次官方通报为2个2万立方米的常渣油罐起火,威力大于氢气管线爆炸。“这么大容量立方的常渣油罐,爆炸威力很大,有可能影响到其他化学装置,造成其他化学装置内的化学物质泄漏。”

阳平坚介绍称,常渣油的分子量比普通汽油和煤油的大,其含碳个数较多,但还是要看这次爆炸的具体物质是什么。爆炸后的物质如果泄漏到附近海水里,会造成较大的环境污染。

“在情况不明的情况下,当地居民选择尽可能远离,是正确的。”阳平坚称,但为了聚集救援和方便撤离,建议附近居民最好听从工作人员安排。

本版稿件(除署名外)/新京报记者 翟星理 杨锋 林斐然 程媛媛 林野 实习生 韩雪枫

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