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中国艾滋病感染者云桂川三地占45%

2014-12-02 07:48:47   京华时报

京华时报讯(记者张然)昨天是“世界艾滋病日”,中国疾控中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心有关负责人介绍,中国的艾滋病疫情分步不均衡,云南、广西、四川三个省份占全国总数的45%。

>>全球报告去年新增210万感染者

中国疾控中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心主任吴尊友介绍,根据2014年全球艾滋病报告,2013年全球现存活艾滋病毒感染者和病人约3500万,当年约有210万人新感染艾滋病毒,有150万人死亡。全球总体情况是新发感染和死亡呈现下降的趋势,但这种下降并不均衡。非洲新发感染和死亡都在下降。但东欧和亚洲一些国家,疫情总体来说还在上升。

>>我国情况男男同性恋感染率上升

对于我国艾滋病情况,吴尊友介绍,今年世界上有200多名专家对全球188个国家的艾滋病疫情进行分析,把这些国家按照每10万人口艾滋病感染总数、新发感染数和死亡数这个相对数来分,从高到低分成十个等级,中国排在第八等级,属于较低流行国家。但从绝对数来看,全球3500万感染者,75%集中在15个国家,中国是15个国家之一。从这个意义上,中国是艾滋病感染人数比较严重的国家之一。

我国艾滋病疫情区域分布不均衡。云南、广西、四川三个省份占全国的45%。从人群来讲,全国每年监测80万人,包括吸毒、同性恋、暗娼、性病就诊者、孕产妇等八个人群,吸毒人群感染率呈下降趋势,从2005年的7.5%下降到今年平均3.3%,男男同性恋感染率呈上升趋势,从2005年的1.4%上升到2014年的7.7%。

>>抗艾进程艾滋病疫苗已接近成功

对于目前治疗艾滋病方面的突破,首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院吴昊主任介绍,从1996年发现鸡尾酒疗法以后,一开始只能将病人寿命延长8年,到2000年时,能延长生命30年以上,到2010年能延长寿命到50年以上。

短期内,艾滋病疫苗问世的可能性依然较小。吴昊指出,艾滋病疫苗和肿瘤疫苗是全世界投钱最多、研究进展最快的。几年前在泰国、南非失败了几个疫苗,但是距离成功已经比较接近了。我国自主知识产权的疫苗在全世界也进入到前8名以内,在国家“十一五”“十二五”的支持下,有希望是全世界最早批下来的疫苗之一,我国在佑安医院已经完成了二期临床研究。

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