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广东省共有1145例登革热患者 疫情防控形势严峻

2014-09-06 11:40:54   中国新闻网

广东省疾病预防控制中心5日发布消息称,截至4日,目前广东省共有1145例登革热患者,其中广州市确诊登革热病例达1021例,占全省的90%。广东省疾控中心主任张永慧说,目前广州登革热疫情防控形势严峻,他呼吁市民广泛参与防蚊灭蚊,远离登革热。

登革热是经伊蚊叮咬传播的急性传染病,重症患者可出现休克、出血甚至死亡。张永慧介绍,目前广东省共有1145例登革热患者,相当于往年全年的数量。其中31例属重症患者,大部分在广州,尚无患者死亡的情况出现。

他介绍,今年是东亚、东南亚登革热的高发期,马来西亚确诊5万多例、死亡80多例,菲律宾确诊3万多例、死亡100多例,泰国和新加坡均确诊1万多例,我国台湾地区也有1000多例。

广东省疾控中心数据显示,今年高温多雨,广东省多地蚊媒密度远远高于警戒值,是正常水平的5倍。广东省蚊媒密度高的地区包括:广州市的黄埔区、番禺区、南沙区、海珠区;江门市的江海区;佛山市顺德区、南海区;中山市的西区。7月最先出现疫情的广州越秀区、南沙区,由于已先行展开防蚊灭蚊工作,蚊媒密度已明显降低,但登革热有15天的潜伏期,其防控效果仍需一段时间才能显现。

张永慧认为,往年广东省登革热一般多发于9到11月,接下来的几个月将是疫情防控的重中之重。他说,由于登革热强大的传染性,要彻底控制疫情,需要全省各地区和广大市民都参与到灭蚊防蚊的行动中来。

广东省疾控专家介绍说,登革热的一般症状表现为三个方面。一是突发高热,即起病急,发热伴畏寒,可在24小时内达39℃-40℃;二是“三红征”:即面、颈、胸部潮红,甚至出现眼结膜充血、浅表淋巴结肿大、牙龈等无端出血等;三是“三痛”,即头痛、眼眶痛、肌肉骨骼痛,患者出现全身疲乏。此外,还会出现恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻等胃肠道症状。

“对于轻症患者,只需要隔离休养一周左右即可。”张永慧说,“但要做好家里的防蚊灭蚊工作,睡觉要挂蚊帐,以防传染给家人。”专家强调,登革热发展成重症,会有出血、休克、重要脏器衰竭,未及时治疗可致死亡,市民切勿大意。

张永慧提醒,以下人群有可能发展为重症的登革热患者:肥胖或严重营养不良者;孕妇、婴幼儿或老人;伴有基础疾病者:如糖尿病、高血压、冠心病、肝硬化、消化性溃疡、哮喘、慢阻肺、慢性肾功能不全等;

二次感染患者:登革热病毒有四个血清型,若感染过其中一型后,再感染另一型病毒,就有可能发展成重症登革热,甚至导致死亡。

张永慧介绍,登革热疫情防控需要做到“三个结合”:第一,清积水与灭蚊结合,灭蚊的同时将附着在积水中的虫卵清掉;第二是里外结合,外面的楼道、电梯与家里都要清理;第三是上下结合,地面、下水道和天台要立体式清理。 (记者肖思思)

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