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中央部门决算其他支出项达1.3万亿

2014-07-19 08:06:25   京华时报

“其他支出”的存在有合理的因素,但金额要尽可能少。要避免一些部门把它变成违规支出的藏身地,从而形成黑洞。他建议,对“其他支出”要疏堵结合,堵就是限制金额不能超出一定比例,疏就是允许一些没法列入相应类别的支出存在,但要有说明,解释清楚,不能让“其他支出”成为阳光照不到的角落。

2

决算超预算情况比比皆是

◎专家支招

在已经公布的中央财政决算报告中,决算超过预算的情况也比比皆是。如中国气象局2013年决算显示,其本年支出合计235.3亿元,而根据其2013年度预算,本年支出合计预计只有196.06亿元,决算比预算增加了约39亿元,增幅约为两成。

对此财政部财科所副所长刘尚希当日在就此接受京华时报记者采访时表示,由于目前财政收入还在以相对较高的速度增长,财政部门也确实有钱,有些单位对预算的编制功课做得不扎实,预期性不够合理,预算最终编制得大而化之不够科学。一旦在执行中遇到钱紧的问题,各单位就会向财政部门要钱,要求追加预算。

◎专家支招

可以追加预算但应详细说明

“这说明预算编制不科学,事后随意要钱追加预算的问题需要警惕。”刘尚希说。他认为,预算可以增加,但有关部门今后对此一定要更加严格地审批,使追加资金用得更加合理。同时,各单位在决算公开时,也应该特别说明追加预算的原因,让公众和专家共同评判这些资金使用得是否合理。

中国人民大学法学院教授朱大旗则提出,预算编制得完整、准确、真实、统一,是实施有效的预算审查监督的重要前提和基础。我国应当细化预算编制的具体程序和规则,延长预算编制的周期,大力充实现有的预算编制部门的力量。

3

中央部委下属协会频出问题

近期审计署发布的“中央单位2013年度预算执行情况和其他财政收支情况审计结果”公开点名了中科院生态环境研究中心、中国土木工程学会、中国建筑文化中心等违规单位。昨天,记者浏览多部门网站,此次公开的2013年部门决算中,有的列出了所有包括协会在内下属单位的名称,但看不到与之相关的支出明细,有的则笼统介绍一下单位职能,对下属单位情况根本没提。其中,国家卫计委2013年度公共预算总收入1147.8亿元。其中事业收入898.5亿元,占总数的约78%。

◎专家支招

关键要推动协会和政府脱钩

“协会属于社会团体,监管相对松,可能会有违规。另外,现在政府机关监管严了,不排除会有一些支出转到下面协会的情况。”中国社科院财经战略研究院财政审计研究室主任汪德华认为,解决问题的关键是推动协会和政府脱钩,并对带有一定官办性质的团体加强管理,尤其是资金监管。

刘尚希认为,很多协会都有官方背景,会领导多是退休官员,经费来自财政拨款,很难和政府脱离,在加强监管的同时,应理顺协会和政府间的关系。

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