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年内35城市将公布雾霾“元凶” 将有助减排决策

2014-07-01 08:10:53   新京报

“源解析是至关重要的基础性环节,你要打敌人,拿着再好的枪,不知道敌人在哪儿也没法打。”冯银厂说。

  下一步做什么?

  开展区域性源解析工作

参与津石源解析论证会的环科院副院长柴发合近期频繁前往河北省城市,他介绍,尽管环保部并没有强制部署,但保定、沧州、秦皇岛、邢台等河北省城市也在积极开展源解析工作。

源解析工作需要大量人力、财力和物力。北京市环境监测总站进口的一台重金属分析仪器高达数百万元,每周需要采样数次进行分析,每做一个样品分析需要花费数万元,这样的研究周期至少要持续一年。据记者了解,石家庄和天津在源解析工作上也花费了数百万元。

一般的地方环保部门很难有足够的财力、人力进行源解析工作,此外,地方环保部门也缺乏足够的技术。目前,各地环保部门大多采取和科研机构合作的方式进行源解析,大体由环保部门负责采样,科研单位进行分析。

相关官员表示,地方政府热衷开展源解析工作,一方面是为了解污染来源以进行相应减排治理,另一方面,也有如受区域传输影响较大的话,在最终考核未通过时多个理由解释的考虑。

正因如此,源解析的专家论证会也会请外地专家参加,如北京市的源解析报告评审,邀请了河北或天津的专家参与,这样,可以对源解析报告,特别是区域传输的内容进行把关、制衡,以防地方夸大了区域传输的影响。

记者了解到,初步估算,石家庄和天津的区域传输受影响比例在20%到30%左右。

刘舒生表示,源解析不光只能可以单独一个城市做,也可以在区域层面进行。

他表示,下一步工作中,也将开展区域性的源解析工作,如联合中科院和工程院的专家,综合开展针对京津冀区域的源解析,以更为科学地掌握区域传输的问题,以便于各地更好地开展减排,并为生态补偿提供依据。

本版稿件/新京报记者 金煜

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