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数万条线虫去了空间站:探索微重力环境下肌肉变化

2018-12-10 10:34:16   网易科学人 

(原标题:数万条线虫乘“猎鹰9”前往空间站实验旨在探索微重力环境下肌肉变化)

数万条线虫去了空间站:探索微重力环境下肌肉变化

科技日报北京12月9日电(记者张梦然)据美国太空探索技术公司(SpaceX)官网消息,在日前利用“猎鹰9”火箭发射“龙”货运飞船的同时,大量实验物品也一并被送往国际空间站,其中就包括数万条秀丽隐杆线虫,该实验的目的在于探索肌肉在微重力环境下的变化。

这是SpaceX执行的第16次空间站补给任务。本次发射的飞船仍然是重复使用的——曾在2017年2月给空间站运送过补给。

在“龙”飞船携带的约2500千克设备和补给中,有3.6万条秀丽隐杆线虫。这是一种无毒无害、可以独立生存的动物。其个体极小,成体也不过1.5毫米长,雌雄同体。而自1965年起,线虫就已经作为分子生物学和发育生物学研究领域的模式生物。

此次研究的目的是为了探索肌肉在微重力环境下的退化情况。上万条线虫将在空间站环境中生存并繁衍,时间为6天,按科学家的估计,如繁衍顺利,最终返回地面的线虫将达到200万至300万条。

研究团队成员、英国埃克塞特大学的蒂莫西·埃瑟里奇表示,尽管这些线虫身长只有1毫米左右,但它们的肌肉结构和功能都与人类相似,因此是非常理想的了解肌肉变化的模式动物。


在线虫“上天”的同时,“龙”飞船此次还携带了太空加油设备,并将首次在太空中开展液态甲烷的转移和储存测试。美国国家航空航天局(NASA)表示,一旦拥有在太空中补给燃料和冷却剂的能力,就意味着前往火星等目的地的长距离太空旅行将成为可能。

科技日报总编辑圈点

这个实验有点意思。宇航员在空间环境中生存,所面临的重力环境与在地球上有很大不同。SpaceX用线虫做实验,就是为了研究肌肉在微重力环境下的变化。不过,除了重力环境,一旦走出太空舱,宇航员还将面临各种高能粒子的辐射,哪怕是宇航服也难以完全抵挡。这些情况对宇航员的身体状况会产生哪些影响,都值得深入研究,毕竟太空将是人类频繁“拓荒”的地方。


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