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“西方-81”是如此目标明确,以至于勃列日涅夫觉得没必要遮遮掩掩,大方地指示苏联外交部邀请北约国家派观察员观摩。面对苏军钢铁洪流展示的横扫欧洲的可怕前景,北约观察员们简直是目瞪口呆。
按照演习设想,苏军与华约友军首先对部署在西德的北约一线陆空军基地和集结地域实施战术核打击,同时在西德浅近纵深的敌预设防御阵地展开核突击和航空兵轰炸。在那个“原子弹当手榴弹扔”的特殊年代,“西方-81”在8天的演习时间里,共模拟发动141次战术核打击,当量为100吨至1万吨TNT,目标包括美军设在西德的拉姆斯泰因和斯图加特等基地。苏军第一进攻梯队的坦克以30%左右的损失率撕开宽度为10公里、纵深5公里的突破口后,紧随其后的主力坦克集群一拥而上。苏军近卫空降第7师则在模拟西德法兰克福机场的明斯克郊外机场实施空降,紧接着在己方米格-27、米-24集群的近距离支援下夺取高速公路枢纽。在实兵对抗中,苏军近卫坦克第2集团军拿出秘密武器——最新服役的T-80坦克。这种“陆战之王”以极高的突击速度向假想的英吉利海峡直插。苏军估计,己方快速集群在通过核武器形成的放射性沾染区时,只需滞留两个小时左右,在进行充分的防核器材准备后,核辐射以及放射性沾染对部队的影响微乎其微。
更让北约感觉防不胜防的是,苏联海军在波罗的海频繁发动两栖攻击策应正面突击。苏联国防部长乌斯季诺夫在海军司令戈尔什科夫的陪同下,亲自登临“基辅”号航母,参加海空联合作战与两栖登陆训练。苏联海军航空兵的轰炸机同水面舰艇协同实施“导弹饱和攻击”,随后在模拟西德汉堡的波兰格但斯克开始登陆。演习证明,苏联和华约海军能够对北约波罗的海沿岸防线实施大规模两栖登陆。
演习刚进入第8天,苏军T-80坦克群就冲到模拟法国敦刻尔克和比利时安特卫普的波兰东部地区。苏联坦克兵们经过短暂而激烈的战斗后完全控制码头,岸防部队和防空兵在接下来的8小时内陆续抵达并展开阵地,彻底消除假想敌通过英吉利海峡增援欧洲大陆的可能。
美苏对演习的反应截然不同
苏联对“西方-81”演习的顺利推进是如此得意,以至于演习后期一个坦克连甚至通过莫斯科奥运会刚使用的电视现场直播方式,把战斗过程展示在苏军总参谋部大屏幕上。“西方-81”战略进攻最终以苏军的完胜告终。演习后,苏联和华约还举行了规模庞大的沙场阅兵,并拍摄演习纪录片《这样的军队不可战胜》对外公开发行。
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