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女王退位查尔斯摄政?英国网友这两天炸裂了

2017-08-14 20:38:51   新京报

我们先来看下摄政王到底是个什么职位。

摄政摄政,代替君主处理国政,大家可能最先会想到清朝辅佐顺治的多尔衮。

英国的摄政制度也有些类似,是在君主无法处理国政时期代行君主权力的一种制度。中世纪时期,摄政十分常见,因为高死亡率导致很多王位继承人多为小孩。

外事儿(微信ID:xjb-waishier)查阅资料发现,英国上一次摄政期是1811年至1820年。

当时在位的乔治三世由于饱受失明和妄想症的折磨而无法履行国王职责。依照摄政法案,他的儿子威尔士亲王成为摄政王,并在乔治三世驾崩后继位为乔治四世。

乔治四世修建的“摄政公园”(regent’s park)和“摄政街”(regent street),如今已成为伦敦的文化象征。

经过几百年的发展,英国在1937年颁布了《摄政法》(Regency Acts)。

依据相关规定,大法官、君主配偶、下议院议长、英格兰及威尔士首席大法官和主事官当中,如果有三人或以上能出示证据,证明君主因患有疾病而无法执行其皇室职责,君主权力就可转移给摄政王。虽然摄政王名义上不是国王,但权力和职责上与国王等同。

摄政能干多久?人选怎么定?

依照规定,摄政期可持续至君主恢复健康或王位继承人达到即位年龄。通常来说,超过21岁、排在继承人顺序中最前面担当摄政。

作为英国国王第一顺位继承人,查尔斯王子自然成为第一人选。

等等,女王为啥不直接退位,让查尔斯王子继承王位,而要选择摄政这么复杂的方式?

这还得看女王本人的意愿了。

历史上,英国国王/女王通常都是一干到底的,从即位开始、到去世而终,中途退位的极为罕见。

最近几百年只出现过一次“意外”。

1937年,伊丽莎白二世的伯父爱德华八世,因为执意要与一位离过婚的美国女人结婚,遭到内阁极力反对后不得不宣布退位。

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