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[砥砺奋进的五年]北京平原增绿百万亩 森林近家门儿

2017-05-31 14:19:29   千龙网

记者从市园林绿化局一位园林专家处得知,公园里落叶乔木的胸径已从5年前的5公分,长到了如今的9公分左右,国槐、洋槐等槐树的胸径从十几公分,长到了二十几公分,翻了一倍。

河岸造林成效显著。记者从市园林绿化局获悉,5年来,永定河流域新增森林面积6万亩,形成70多公里长、面积达16万多亩的森林绿地。此外,在北运河流域造林2.7万亩,形成面积9万多亩的滨水绿带;在潮白河流域造林4.4万亩,形成长100公里,面积9万多亩的东部生态保障带。

砂石坑里造林海不是容易的事儿

在潮白河怀柔段,几十辆挖沙车同时在河堤挖沙的场景已不复存在。

怀柔区园林绿化局相关负责人彭天明告诉记者,“非法挖沙让潮白河怀柔段形成了一个巨大的砂石坑,坑底与地面落差最高能达到60米深。”

在潮白河怀柔段云蒙大桥附近的砂石坑处,彭天明指着已经绿化完成的林海,向记者介绍当年植树造林的不易。

“砂石坑的砂石料不能储存水分和养料,一灌溉就向下渗透,种上树,不能吸收水和养分,很快就死掉。”彭天明说,砂石坑绿化,需要用“客土”,就是从别处移来置换原生土的外地土壤,来种植林木。

“潮白河砂石坑治理工程共有6408亩,每一亩地种植42株乔木,就得挖42个坑,每个坑上需要覆盖几层塑料膜,防止水和养分渗透。”这个复杂的工程让彭天明和每一位在这里从事绿化的人,感到了工作的难度和艰辛。

怀柔砂石坑生态治理只是北京实施平原造林的一隅。记者从市园林绿化局获悉,永定河、潮白河、大沙河、康庄、南口等北京历史上严重的“五大风沙危害区”目前都已得到彻底根治,共建设了防风固沙林25.3万亩。

东郊森林公园也属于平原造林工程,公园地处通州、朝阳、顺义交界,目前已实现绿化5.26万亩,占规划绿化面积7.5万亩的70%,是北京四大郊野公园之一。

记者站在位于宋庄镇的东郊森林公园制高点向远处望去,曾经的废弃坑塘已改造成湿地森林,俨然一幅画境。

据悉,东郊森林公园目前尚未正式开放,不过,附近的村民已经开始到公园跳广场舞、散步休闲,感受家门口的森林之美。

记者了解到,2012年至今,北京市在通州、大兴、房山、顺义等地区新增森林湿地5.3万亩,除东郊森林公园外,还建设了大兴长子营、房山长沟、小清河、平谷城北等多处湿地公园。

平原绿化没有休止符。近两年来,北京持续推进城市副中心、新机场、冬奥会、世园会等重点区域平原绿化建设,再完成新造林12万亩,使平原地区森林覆盖率进一步提升到了26.8%。

接下来,北京将继续大力推动城乡结合部地区拆违建绿、平原地区挖潜增绿,持续扩展平原地区森林资源总量,计划到“十三五”末,使平原地区森林覆盖率提高到30%以上。

2012年北京市开始实施平原地区百万亩造林工程,经过四年努力建设,2015年底,全市实际造林面积105万亩。图为潮白河怀柔段实施平原造林前后对比图。市园林绿化局供图


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