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陕西吴起:还老区人民一个山川秀美的大西北

2017-08-08 10:47:01   国际在线

1999年,吴起县一次性退耕155.5万亩,成为了“全国退耕还林第一县”。从1999年到2007年,吴起退耕还林工作经历了近八年的植被恢复期。由于沙棘具有价格便宜、成活率高、耐寒性好的优势,吴起首先选择用120万亩沙棘开启“退耕还林”的篇章。

要生态的同时,也要注重考虑经济收入,要让农民有票子,持续不断地提升退耕还林成果。为此,2008年,吴起开始种植山桃、山杏、楸子、苹果等经济林,并根据地势种植不同树种,如刺槐、油松等;把乔木林、灌木林结合,进行林种结构调整。

实施退耕还林以后,原本“靠天吃饭,靠地生活”的农民有了自己的产业。舍饲养羊、牧草种植、沙荆、仁用杏、山地苹果、大棚蔬菜等成为了吴起农民增收致富的新产业。特别是林果、草畜、棚栽三大产业蓬勃发展起来,对农民增收的贡献率达57%。柳志清说,“像我们有山桃、山杏、苹果,还有沙棘,叶子可以加工成沙棘茶,果子可以加工成沙棘饮料,还可提取沙棘的黄酮素。经济林收入因户不同,我家沙棘多,我的沙棘收入比重就大;我家还有长久的产业,比如棚栽业,一个大棚每年就可收入五到七万,还有十几万的。棚栽业在吴起县效益最好的就是我们本地的一种香瓜,一斤30元,我们已经种了十几年了,一个棚种好一点就收入十几万,要是五、六个棚,可以有百万的收入。”

要问吴起退耕还林最大的受益者是谁,那一定是吴起千千万万的老百姓。实施退耕还林以来,丰厚的收益使农民从最初的“要我退”变成现在的“我要退”。很多老乡感慨地说,退耕还林以来,十几年没有发过洪水了。很多小时候参与过义务种树的年轻人都说,当年退耕种树,付出再多也值得。在吴起县退耕还林展览馆工作的刘爱元就是众多受益者中的一员,她说:“我小时候在学校的号召下也参加过很多次的造林,非常高兴看到山上的树越来越多。长大以后发现森林增多以后,环境确实变得越来越好,人民生活水平收入水平也是只多不减。虽然说土地被退耕了,但农民是有基本的口粮田的,在口粮田上我们种植当地的农作物,在其它地方还种植草料来支持养殖畜牧业,所以人民的收入水平是比以前大幅度增加的,生活越来越好了,也越来越幸福。”

红色是吴起的根,绿色是吴起的魂。从以前的“兄妹开荒”到如今的“兄妹造林”,吴起在退耕还林的道路上走出了一条新的绿色长征路。经过短短不到二十年的努力,吴起的林草覆盖率已接近80%,成为黄土高原上崛起的一片新绿洲。一个山川秀美的大西北逐渐在吴起变成了现实。

责任编辑:马丽丽 CL0938
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