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降体重听着简单实则凶险 谌利军抽筋非事出无因
2016-08-10 05:22:21 北青网-北京青年报(北京)
两获奥运冠军的举重名宿占旭刚曾经如此描述降体重时的心态,就是饿到“恨不得把别人吐出的鸡骨头都吃进去”。如今已是中国男举副总教练的张国政也有一句名言,降体重“那种感觉就像死过一样”。2007年泰国世锦赛,报名参加69公斤级的张国政体重达到了77公斤,为了减掉这8公斤,他当时的模样惨不忍睹,“眼圈发黑、颧骨突出、全身发软,连说话也说不动。”
降重不是减肥速降容易伤身
运动员降体重和咱们平时常说的减肥瘦身完全不是一个概念,降体重是在短时间内迅速将体重降低到指定数值,同时还不能影响训练和比赛。举重运动员降体重的方法不外节食、节水、穿降重服跑步和蒸桑拿。开赛前和举重运动员一起吃饭,无疑是对他们最大的折磨,当你吃嘛嘛香的时候,他们很有可能一整天只能喝一点儿水,吃一点点水果蔬菜。如果称重前还减不下来,最常用的办法莫过于临时蒸桑拿和出去跑圈,也许多出的零点零几公斤就减掉了。
在举重项目里,越是小级别越容易受到降体重的影响,所以这就要求运动员不仅平时要注意合理膳食,减少降体重的幅度,赛前降体重时还必须有科学的监控保障,比如水分摄入控制、碳水化合物控制、控盐、热水浴和桑拿等等。有时水分流失过多,就得马上补充电解质,所以称重一结束,运动员就要及时摄入电解质饮料,否则很有可能因缺水导致抽筋,此后便可以再饱餐一顿。2012年,中国56公斤级选手吴景彪输给了朝鲜选手严润哲获得亚军,赛后他曾表示自己的身体偏软,而导致体力下降的主要原因便是降体重。
文/本报记者王子轩
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