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蔡英文上台 台湾必然会走向“台独”吗?

2016-01-18 09:26:02   侠客岛

前不久,马英九跟习近平在新加坡见面,是把“九二共识”作为一个底线——中国的红线已经被划定。所以,我觉得蔡英文当总统以后会很辛苦,因为她从意识形态上是倾向于台独的,但实际情况,台独则是一个极其危险的道路。就看她怎么调整了。

从经济上看,台湾高度依赖于中国大陆。尽管从李登辉开始,台湾当局也是想分散它的投资和经济活动,比如希望加强与东南亚、印度或者其他地方的经贸活动,但台湾资本的走向并不是政府说了算。

资本有资本自己的逻辑。就台湾的发展而言,资本的逻辑跟政治的逻辑是互相矛盾的。蔡英文必须从现实主义的角度意识到这一点。

蔡英文的大陆政策肯定会跟马英九的大陆政策相比会有很大的调整。我估计蔡英文在上台之初有可能会有些冒险举动,不可能一上来就承认“九二共识”,走到马英九的路线上来。直到最后,在台湾和美国的关系、和日本的关系、和中国大陆的关系经历了很大的波折以后,或者遇到很大困难以后,她才可能会调整,这就是政治逻辑,尤其是她作为那么倾向于台湾独立意识形态的领导人。


美国多大程度上会为台湾与中国公开对决

IPP:您刚刚提到中美关系和中日关系。我们知道在中美关系方面台湾和日本一样,一直是美国制衡大陆的一个棋子。最近,美国通过TPP,意在形成一个制约中国的经济联盟。最近日韩关系有所改善,背后也有美国因素。蔡英文当选之后,对中美关系有什么影响,美国会不会借此机会把中国周边关系整合成建立一个制衡中国大陆的联盟呢?

郑永年:首先,我们要看台湾想有一个怎么样的台美关系。台美关系有一个法律上的保护,即美国的《台湾关系法》。不过从陈水扁时代开始,因为陈水平搞激进台独损害了中美关系,中美两国就形成了一个模式,即在台湾问题上两国有一些比较好的协调。当然,应当意识到,在台海问题上,美国最大的利益是促成台湾的独立,对台湾来说也是如此。

蔡英文上台之后,如果台湾能够和平独立,当然是美国的最大利益。但对中国来说,这当然是绝对不允许的。

在台湾事实上不能独立的前提下,美国人的最优利益就是台湾保持现状,这是美国的底线,也是中国的底线。

对中国来说,维持现状是可以的,但是你往台独的方向走是不可以的,这是底线。对美国来说,维持现状是可以的,但是你(中国大陆)不可用武力手段来达到统一目的,这是底线。问题在于,最近中美关系并不是很好,无论在东海问题、南海问题,还是在其他一些方面,美国对中国有一个战略误判——美国认为中国在挑战美国霸权。在这样一个错误判断下,美国就要从各方面制约中国。在这个背景下,台湾就是美国手中很大的一张牌,要利用台湾因素来制约中国。但是,另一方面也有一个现实性问题,即美国在多大程度上会为了台湾与中国公开对决。

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