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澳媒:强大的中国人民海军前路漫漫

2018-07-13 10:11:18    环球时报

原标题:澳媒:强大的中国人民海军前路漫漫

澳大利亚洛伊国际政策研究所“解读者”网7月11日文章,原题为“中国正在扩张的海军”。近来有关中国海军航母舰载机歼-15的报道,为了解中国正扩张的海军面临的挑战打开一扇小窗。遇到暂时问题完全属正常现象,至关重要的是中国海军正远比以前对自身有着更高的要求。与以前不同,如今的解放军海军,依靠那些受过良好教育且精通技术的中产阶层为新舰队服役。这支军队正沿袭西方海军的发展轨迹,但或许会发现这并非易事。

中国海军迅速扩张,以至于其人员规划部门正为给这些新建成的战斗舰船提供船员而承受压力,还不算填补岸上人员也将面临的巨大缺口。1986年中国海军仅有18艘驱逐舰和31艘护卫舰,且装备简陋。如今,中国海军每年装备1艘万吨级防空巡洋舰、4艘导弹驱逐舰、2艘导弹护卫舰和9艘导弹轻巡洋舰(原文如此—编者注)。这些舰船都装备先进计算机、数据链、远程武器以及探测能力远超前几代舰只的传感器。

不过,中国军舰战力的每一次进步都意味着对人员提出新要求。由于扩张迅速,任何对新技术拥有“实战”经验的人都将获晋升并被派遣到新舰只。一战期间,迅速扩大的英国皇家海军就曾艰难应对此类人员大规模获得提升的后果,这是中国海军不能忽视的教训。

不仅如此,由于无法像西方国家那样接受来自盟友的军事学说或技能,中国还必须(独自)打造“多维度”海军战斗部队。随着舰队逐渐扩大,中国不得不在没任何外部帮助的情况下,找到并培训管理战术发展团队、实验部队、培训机构、认证机构和规划体系的人员。中国海军将迫切与其他海军比较并从中学习,但不信任北京的美国已拒绝中国海军参加环太军演。尽管解放军可能与其他国家海军举行联合演习,但后者也不大可能完全分享经验。

即便如此,中国海军人才济济,汇聚众多才华横溢且励精图治的人,他们正雄心勃勃地推动中国成为全球海军大国。只要北京仍愿为实现该使命投入足够资源,中国海军终将像中国领导人希望的那样强大。毋庸置疑,如今的中国海军在许多方面都已成为一支令人敬畏的强大力量并能完成许多任务,足以抗衡许多潜在对手。但在达到能在公海竞争环境下精通多维军事行动所需的必要成熟度之前,中国海军仍有长路要走。(作者詹姆斯·高德里克,丁雨晴译)


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