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外交部:坚持通过双边谈判解决中菲在南海有关争议

2016-06-08 09:19:25   中国新闻网

此后,中菲通过一系列双边文件确认各自在《宣言》中作出的郑重承诺,例如:2004年9月3日《中华人民共和国政府和菲律宾共和国政府联合新闻公报》、2011年9月1日《中华人民共和国和菲律宾共和国联合声明》等。

二、中菲之间从未就菲律宾提起仲裁的事项进行过谈判

菲律宾声称,1995年之后中菲两国就菲律宾仲裁请求中提及的事项多次交换意见,但未能解决争端;菲律宾有正当理由认为继续谈判已无意义,因而有权提起仲裁。事实与菲方所述完全相反,迄今为止,中菲两国从未就菲律宾所提仲裁事项进行过谈判。

中菲曾就妥善处理海上争议进行多次磋商,但尚未举行旨在解决有关争议的任何谈判。中国多次向菲律宾提出建立“中菲海上问题定期磋商机制”的建议,但一直未获菲律宾答复。2011年9月1日,双方发表《中华人民共和国和菲律宾共和国联合声明》,再次承诺通过谈判解决有关争议。此后,中国多次向菲律宾建议重启中菲建立信任措施磋商机制,未得到菲律宾任何回应。菲律宾所谓继续谈判没有意义才提起仲裁的说法,毫无根据。

三、菲律宾单方面提起仲裁违背中菲通过谈判解决争议的共识,不符合《公约》规定

菲律宾单方面提起南海仲裁,违背中菲之间达成并多次确认的通过双边谈判解决有关争议的共识,违反其在《宣言》中作出的庄严承诺,是对“约定必须遵守”原则的破坏和对《公约》争端解决机制的滥用,不符合包括《公约》在内的国际法。

第一,菲律宾单方面提起仲裁,违反中菲通过双边谈判解决争议的协议。中菲在有关双边文件和《宣言》中已就通过谈判解决有关争议达成协议并多次予以确认。上述中菲两国各项双边文件以及《宣言》的相关规定相辅相成,构成中菲两国之间有拘束力的协议。两国据此选择了以谈判方式解决有关争议。菲律宾违背自己的庄严承诺,是严重的背信弃义行为。

第二,菲律宾单方面提起仲裁,侵犯《公约》规定的缔约国自主选择争端解决方式的权利。《公约》第15部分第280条规定,“本公约的任何规定均不损害任何缔约国于任何时候协议用自行选择的任何和平方法解决它们之间有关本公约的解释或适用的争端的权利”;第281条规定,“作为有关本公约的解释或适用的争端各方的缔约各国,如已协议用自行选择的和平方法来谋求解决争端,则只有在诉诸这种方法仍未得到解决以及争端各方间的协议并不排除任何其他程序的情形下,才适用本部分所规定的程序”。由于中菲之间已就通过谈判解决争议作出明确选择,并排除了包括仲裁在内的第三方争端解决方式,《公约》第15部分规定的第三方争端解决程序不适用于中菲之间。

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