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新一轮激发民间投资举措酝酿出台 系列方案正制定

2017-10-14 10:07:53   

老问题仍存

去年以来,国务院相继出台多项政策促进民间投资。接受中国证券报记者采访的一些民营企业表示,这些政策对提升企业投资信心和意愿起到了积极作用,但制约民间投资的一些瓶颈仍然存在。

“融资依旧难。”湖北一家民营冶金材料企业的负责人在接受中国证券报记者采访时坦言,由于企业规模小,除了用自己的私人房产抵押贷款外,没有其他融资渠道。虽说政策出台较多,但银行贷款门槛对企业来说仍然过高,资金基本贷不到,投资自然减少。

除融资难、融资贵外,民间投资依旧面临一些老问题。6月至8月,国家行政学院对“促进民间投资政策措施落实情况”开展了第三方评估。

评估报告显示,制约民间投资的“隐性障碍”仍然存在。民营企业在进入电力、军工等领域时要求具备较高的业绩经历和资质许可;在申请办学、办医时对教师数和医师数的要求有互为前置之嫌。另外,企业运营成本仍然偏高,土地成本、人工成本持续上涨,各种评估、评价、检验、检疫、检测等名目繁多,收费偏高。物流总费用占比过高,交通罚款不够规范。此外,有些政策落实不到位。有些政策过于原则、不易落地;有些地方落实中央政策缺乏实施细则和操作办法;有些优惠政策手续繁琐、办理效率低。

国家行政学院常务副院长马建堂表示,政府在减少市场准入的“隐性障碍”、降低企业运营成本、改善营商环境、提高政策可操作性等方面还有不少工作要做。

细化措施将出台

“虽然民间投资增速回落对实现2017年全年经济增长目标影响不大,但如果2018年民间投资增速继续回落,则稳增长压力肯定会增加。”李迅雷说。

为激发民间投资活力,国务院办公厅日前发布了《关于进一步激发民间有效投资活力促进经济持续健康发展的指导意见》,《指导意见》从推进“放管服”改革、优化营商环境、破解融资难题、为民间资本提供多样化融资服务等10个方面提出了指导方针和政策要求。

国家发改委副主任张勇日前透露,国家发改委将对照《指导意见》加强督导检查,并组织开展民间投资项目报建审批事项清理核查和政务失信专项治理两个专项行动。此外,发改委将狠抓国务院第四次大督查及国家行政学院开展的第三方评估落实工作,抓紧研究制订整改落实方案并加快整改进度。

据中国证券报记者了解,目前发改委等部门已经开始研究制订系列方案,细化激发民间投资各项具体措施,相关政策会陆续出台。

业内人士透露,一些政策措施或采纳国家行政学院第三方评估报告建议。例如,在降低民间融资困难和风险方面,地方政府可能会出面成立民营企业投资基金和政府性基金,专门针对民营企业进行资金支持;在提高PPP项目落地成效方面,将加大财税支持力度,对于社会资本兴办非营利性教育、医疗和养老机构,给予与公办机构同等的支持等。

章俊建议,政府除了在政策方面加大对民营企业的扶持力度之外,需在风险共担和风险补偿机制方面给出实质性安排,打消民营企业的后顾之忧。

李迅雷认为,要想长期带动民间投资持续增长,除降低中小微企业融资门槛外,最重要的是提高广大中低收入人群收入,刺激该群体的消费需求。

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