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出境游保证金藏“跑路”风险

2017-10-13 07:17:53   

今年国庆前,国家旅游局印发《关于规范旅行社经营行为维护游客合法权益的通知》,其中专门对出境旅行社收取出境游保证金行为予以规范,明确出境社收取出境游保证金,必须采取银行参与的资金托管方式。但在调查中,许多旅行社并未把银行托管的要求落到实处。在武汉,武汉中国旅行社就表示保证金是直接打到公司账户,“保证不会跑路,旅行社本身也向管理部门交了几百万元旅游服务质量保证金,不会为了游客的钱放弃经营。”

多地旅游管理部门相关负责人告诉记者,目前对于出境游保证金由银行托管的规定不具备法律强制效力,即使执法过程中发现旅行社没有按规定执行,也只能责令其改正,不能进行处罚。

除此之外,托管在实际操作层面也面临障碍。北京市法学会、旅游法学研究会副秘书长李广告诉记者,旅游保证金采用银行托管形式,需要银行、旅行社、游客签署三方协议,游客要把银行开具的证明交给旅行社,回国后又需要旅行社开具证明再回到银行,手续上很复杂。“而且从事该业务的银行很少,在北京只有北京银行、工商银行、渣打银行等少数银行在做,因为这项业务对银行来说没有收益。”

旅游加金融模式当心“非法集资”

有业内人士指出,旅行社收取出境游保证金是市场行为,是旅行社和消费者之间的契约行为,目前来看,不应依靠政府或立法手段直接予以取消。不过,鉴于出境游保证金目前仍然处于规定不明的状态,相关行业部门应该出台相应的政策法规,对保证金如何缴纳、何时收取、退还,尤其不退还承担何种后果等问题进行进一步的规范。

李广认为,旅游业相关协会应在此间发挥作用,从协会角度出台对收取出境游保证金的操作标准,进而引导和规范旅行社的行为。

此外,针对一些旅行社以出境游保证金为幌子,收取高额押金、保证金,以“旅行社业务”之名,行“非法集资”之实,李广认为,旅游加金融的经营模式,如果取得相应金融许可证照,规范经营,是旅游业发展的一个趋势和方向。但是,目前旅行社业内存在的一些类金融服务,大部分没有取得相应的许可证照、管理混乱,以低价产品为卖点,以高额回报为诱饵,诱骗游客缴存大额资金。

“游客也应对自己购买的产品类型有清晰的认识,并核验经营企业的相应资质。对于非法经营的金融产品,一定要避而远之。对于合法的金融产品,也应判断本身的风险承受能力,进行充分的风险评估。”李广说。

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