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允许外资独资造电动车?知情人士称政策“暂无变化”

2017-09-24 07:36:51   中国经济网

值得注意的是,虽然关于外资电动车或可在中国自贸区内独资设厂的猜测不断,但不可忽视的是,中国政府对于新能源汽车产业对外开放的态度正在前所未有的坚定,而针对新能源汽车审批的政策的确在发生着微妙的变化。

今年6月,中国发改委及工信部发布文件,直接给予纯电动乘用车项目豁免地位的特殊待遇,打破了此前外资车企合资名额不可以超过两家的政策限制。此后,大众与江淮、福特与众泰等纷纷宣布组建纯电动车合资公司。

而在9月15日,中国国家发改委政策研究室副主任兼新闻发言人孟玮也的确在新闻发布会上表示,下半年中国还将在金融、新能源汽车等领域进一步放宽外资准入。

更早之前,国务院更是宣布允许外商以独资形式从事动力电池的研发和制造。2016年7月21日国务院发布的《关于在自由贸易试验区暂时调整有关行政法规、国务院文件和经国务院批准的部门规章规定的决定》中称,在上海、广东、天津、福建自由贸易试验区,允许外商以独资形式从事能量型动力电池 (能量密度≥110Wh/kg,循环寿命≥2000次)的制造。允许外商以独资形式从事汽车电子总线网络技术、电动助力转向系统电子控制器的制造与研发。

当然,对于新能源汽车这一战略市场而言,并没有动力电池行业那么简单。最为关键的是,中国新能源汽车市场目前的发展仍处于初级阶段,对于补贴资金的依赖度很高。独资的外资电动车没有补贴政策的支持,将在市场终端的销售环节面对着不小的价格压力。而针对中国取消自贸区内外资电动车业务持股限制政策这一说法,摩根大通称,目前中国新能源汽车领域仍然面临较大监管,如果没有补贴,相应的车型在价格上将不具备竞争力。可见,对于在华独资的新能源汽车企业来说,这将是对成本和市场的双重挑战。

除此之外,目前中国已设立包括上海、广东、福建和浙江等省在内的11个自贸区,而外资车企即使能够实现在自贸区内独资建厂,其生产的车型在中国市场销售时仍需缴纳25%的整车进口关税。以特斯拉为例,特斯拉汽车在中国售价比美国高出50%,其中很大部分来自于关税成本。

无论如何,作为全球最大的新能源汽车市场,中国新能源汽车的销量和保有量占比已经超过全球市场的一半以上,而中国电动汽车市场无疑正在成为海外车企争抢的沃土。中国政府鼓励新能源汽车等领域进一步放宽外资准入的做法,更是让外资新能源车企无法抗拒这个愈发开放、平等的市场。

所以,变化仍在不断发生。

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