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中基协养老金专业委员会成立:公募助力养老金第三支柱建设

2017-09-08 06:47:04   中国经济网

“公募应在第三支柱的建立过程中发挥应有作用”

中国证监会副主席指出,随着我国老龄化社会的发展,建立养老金第三支柱刻不容缓,各方共识正逐步达成。公募基金经过近二十年的发展,获得了良好的投资业绩和行业声誉,已成为养老金投资管理的主力军,要在第三支柱的建立过程中发挥应有的作用。希望委员们能充分研究第三支柱的特点和规律,推动行业进一步提高对养老金业务的重视,为养老金融的规范和发展多做贡献。

此外,公募基金要在第三支柱的建立过程中发挥应有作用,原因之一是,公募基金的“特长”正与养老金的管理要求所重合。人社部中国社会保险学会会长胡晓义表示,就我国现实而言,政府在养老金方面的基本保障责任是责无旁贷的,但当前亟需补强相对薄弱的第二、第三支柱短板。在这方面,资产管理行业负有重要责任,也具有天然优势。目前,资产管理行业早就投身于养老金第二支柱的投资管理,也开始介入第一支柱的投资管理,而更广阔的空间在第三支柱的投资管理。

第三支柱作为养老保障体系中市场化程度最高的一部分,既能调动起各方的积极性,“能者多劳”;另一方面也体现出第一支柱、第二支柱的“天然”差异。

专业委员会顾问、全国社保基金理事会副理事长王忠民,也结合全国社保基金投资运营实践,分享了养老金管理方面的一些思考:

一是,第三支柱的账户应该是实实在在的个人账户,这样才能享受税收优惠,并且在投资端要有自由的选择权,不限于单一的保险品种,而应是开放式的产品选择,税收递延是非常重要的制度激励,是投资收益的重要来源;

二是,基金架构有助于形成受托责任和公司内部治理、收益分配相融合的激励关系;

三是,大型聚合性的资金只适合于做母基金,母基金的具体方式既可以是FOF(基金中的基金),也可以是MOM(管理人的管理人基金),通过市场化、开放性地选择管理人产品,去做资产配置,分散投资,避免投资单一产品,同时避免短期化去衡量回报,而是要长期考量。

值得注意的是,就养老金而言,合理的、多渠道的投资能使其保值增值。养老基金的特殊性也强调对其收益性和安全性的并重。而公募基金能实现长期稳健的收益,发挥养老金的“长钱”的优势。

中国证券投资基金业协会会长洪磊表示,推动有利于长期资本形成的养老金和税收制度,促进资产管理行业服从和服务于经济社会发展,是协会第二届理事会的重点工作。协会组织设立养老金专业委员会,主动融入国家养老金制度改革进程,推动完善三支柱养老金体系。协会将组织行业共同建设“基础资产-集合投资工具-大类资产配置”的资产管理生态,全力促进养老金保值增值,全心管好百姓的养老钱。

洪磊还强调,养老基金应当坚持生命周期和养老风险管理要求,通过基金中基金搭建养老资产配置的架构,将养老资金广泛配置于各类基金,帮助投资者获取市场发展的平均回报,防止FOF变为基金销售工具。

此外,养老金投资收益主要来自资产配置,通过模拟5种不同风险偏好下企业年金的业绩表现,结果显示,2011年5月1日~2017年8月31日,保守、防御、平衡、积极、激进型指数的平均年化收益率,分别为6.82%、6.99%、7.13%、7.25%、7.33%。5个分指数的业绩表现证明,若将投资期限拉长,通过投资基金进行资产配置的策略,可获取稳定的回报,实现养老金的增值保值。个人养老金投资需求日益增强,养老金第三支柱政策渐行渐近,管理人应着力提供多元化的养老基金。协会官网已经开辟了专栏展示养老金指数,未来还将设专栏展示养老基金的业绩表现情况。

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