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奥康国际陷关联交易之谜:高管与经销供应商“重名”

2017-09-05 10:07:21   中国经济网

“如果是这种操作,那么外挂存货必然会形成较大规模的应收账款。”一位来自四大会计师事务所的审计人士对21世纪经济报道记者分析称。

据公开数据显示,奥康国际2008年到2012年的总营收累计增长了220.2%,然而应收账款数则从2.2亿相应飙升至12.99亿元。尤其是在2011年至2012年两年间,其应收账款从之前的7.88亿突然猛增5亿多至12.99亿。

“奥康鞋业为了提升业绩,在2011、2012年两年通过向‘经销商’大量发货,实现了利润和市值的快速增长的可能性是比较大的,”一位接近奥康鞋业人士分析称,“由于发货太猛,其应收账款的增幅也超过了营收和利润的增长。”

而这种涨势在奥康国际于2012年4月完成IPO后便开始出现“变脸”。从2013年开始,奥康国际应收账款进入收缩状态,总营收也在2013年骤然下降19%,净利润下降46.57%。

对比同业来看,2013年A股鞋企虽然净利润表现不佳,但总营收整体均呈上涨的态势。时年红蜻蜓(603116.SH)总营收同比增长5%,天创时尚(603608.SH)增长16.88%,哈森股份(603958.SH)增长10.87%,星期六(002291.SZ)增长17.52%。

而随后四年里,一度膨胀的应收账款却出现了“缩水”迹象。

上海一位投行人士认为:“这样做很有可能是为了防止应收账款的泡沫过多,所以选择放弃2013年利润,逐步消化库存,降低应收款。但从数据来看,库存与应收账款的问题至今没有得到解决。”

21世纪经济报道记者发现,截至去年底,奥康国际的“高管”应收账款仍然占据较大比重。

年报显示,奥康国际2016年应收账款总额约为8.08亿元。而仅上述存在“内部经销商”嫌疑的四家企业应收账款总额就高达3.1亿元,占当期应收账款总额的35.57%。

截至今年6月底,前五大欠款方中除去昆明慕莱以外,其它四家存疑的公司占总应收账款比例则降至28.69%,体量降为2.52亿元。据奥康国际2017年半年报显示,期末应收账款总额为8.81亿元,较去年底数额又有所增长。

不过其应收账款周转率则相对正常,数据显示,其应收账款周转率为4次左右,而同期A股6家鞋企该指标均值也为4次。

对于鞋类经销模式,一位经营多家知名品牌鞋类的地区经销商则对21世纪经济报道记者表示:“我们一般会提前一个季度以上订货,比如夏天就会订冬天的鞋子。到时候先打款,款到了品牌才会发货。”当记者问及经销商是否会去品牌方任职时,该经销商表示“并未听过这种情况”。

21世纪经济报道记者以采访中期业绩为由向奥康国际发出了采访邀约,并在采访问题中提及奥康国际“高管和客户之间互相转换”的现象,并询问其机制。一位奥康的工作人员表示不方便回答记者的问题,但同时该工作人员在不经意间透露:“之前有这样的情况,但现在已经在收紧。”

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