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债市趋势性行情或可期
2017-07-28 13:58:11 中国经济网
从期债持仓来看,当前最流行的交易策略是“做陡收益率曲线”策略,源自6月份国债收益率曲线极度平坦并且出现长时间倒挂,怂恿众多投资者进入“多TF空T”的曲线交易,站在“曲线交易者”的角度来看,当前TF和T的移仓换月正在进行中,并且由于五债持仓在过去的一个月里“异常”赶超十债持仓,本次移仓换月也颇受市场瞩目。从当前移仓进程看,TF多头和T空头先行移仓至次季合约TF/T1712,因此造成本季合约的“做陡收益率曲线”仓位也随之转移至次季合约,从期债估值收益率角度来看,本季合约估值收益率曲线平坦化而次季合约估值收益率曲线陡峭化,即便在7月25日至27日本季合约TF/T1709破位下挫、波动增大的时候,次季合约TF/T1712波动亦十分有限,期债近远月合约收益率曲线利差出现了显著分化,从国债期货的表现来看,无论未来债券收益率是否会出现趋势性行情,“做陡收益率曲线”已经成为普遍看好的中期策略。
从期债估值收益率曲线向现券收益率曲线收敛的角度来看,当前现券收益率曲线陡峭化修复的倾向较为同质,并且已经成为中期策略,由于2017年上半年基本呈现的是期货强于现券的格局,导致年初期债从深度贴水状态回升至升水状态。国债期货从贴水转化为升水,为现券持有者提供了绝佳的“做多基差”的安全边际——无论是从套期保值对冲现券价格波动风险的角度还是从单纯的期现套利的角度,“做多现券、做空期债”的“做多基差”策略均具备现实的可行性。5年期国债期货主力持仓出现大幅度上行一方面是因为“做陡曲线”和做多趋势的多头,另一方面则是IRR显著回升的5年期期债吸引了“做多基差”形成的空头。从这一角度来看,正值移仓换月当口的期债盘中出现多头减仓导致的大幅度下挫和空头减仓而引致的回升,就不再是意料之外的事情,同时也表明相对于上半年,市场普遍认为未来一段时间现券市场或持续强于期债,预期后市现券收益率下行幅度或大于期债估值收益率下行幅度,基于这种预期,现券配置需求已经蠢蠢欲动。
综合以上所述,即便现券收益率窄幅震荡上下胶着,然而从具有“价格发现”功能的国债期货波动中也足以发现债券市场的暗流涌动,从当前的市场状况看,债券市场普遍认可收益率曲线利差中期陡峭化和现券表现强于期债,并且从中反映出市场对后市债券收益率下行充满期待。
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