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新消费模式促信用经济时代登场 信用借贷成新模式

2017-06-29 09:55:53   经济参考报

不少大学生告诉记者,现在在网上购物经常使用蚂蚁花呗和京东白条,有些人出国旅游和举办婚礼也会用网上提供的分期支付。这已成为一种新的消费模式。

蚂蚁金服行业总监希金介绍,蚂蚁花呗自2015年4月份第一次上线以来,累积了超1亿的用户,用户中有60%没有绑过信用卡。从占比来看,将近五成是90后,他们是非常守信的一群人, 99%的用户都能按时还款。

“5月份的数据显示,每四个用支付宝买手机的用户里面,就有一个是用花呗分期付款的,分期付款已经成了品牌首发、商户大促非常有效的运营工具。”希金说。

从大数据的角度来看,蚂蚁花呗是通过支付宝的庞大用户交易数据,依托于芝麻信用,把控用户的消费习惯以及诚信记录,进而建立一套更完善的信用体系。

支付宝芝麻信用甚至把每年的6月6日定为“66信用日”。信用积分的高低影响着生活的方方面面,比如贷款额度和利率的高低,又比如签证的办理。

在蚂蚁金服CEO井贤栋看来,10年后,国内绝大多数城市都将成为信用城市。伴随着信用的普及,超过90%的押金会逐渐消失。未来,信用在一定程度上极大地取代了支付的动作,不用现场付钱会逐渐成为潮流。

  信用经济登场将成必然

尽管目前我国已经走在信用经济的发展道路之上,却仍面临着各种窘境。

专家指出,如今中国消费金融发展仍面临问题:首先,个人征信体系不足以支撑消费金融审批及风险防控;其次,持牌系消费金融从业机构的发展动力不足,非持牌系消费金融从业机构的风控能力存在疑问;第三,孤岛问题导致不同消费金融行业间业态割裂,影响了消费金融生态圈的健康发展;第四,坏账累计现象严峻,大数据风控还处于研究探索阶段,数据层面和技术层面依然面临较多问题;第五,个人信息不当使用突出,个人隐私泄露时有发生。

与此同时, 如何衡量一个人的信用,是个颇为复杂的命题。在信用体系发展最为成熟的美国,92%的群体有自己的信用数据,这些数据大多来自于他们的金融生活。在中国,信用体系的覆盖度大约为35%。有意思的是,由于互联网大数据的产生,中国社会诚信体系的建设正在呈现出比美国更多元的态势。

因此,尝试着探索和建设一个有中国特色的信用体系至关重要。2014年6月14日,国务院颁布了《社会信用体系建设规划纲要 (2014-2020年)》,信用建设工作得到了社会各界的关注,各部委、各地方政府密集出台相应政策和措施,以信用为核心的新型市场监管机制逐步形成。

近日,《上海市社会信用条例》颁布,条例将于2017年10月1日起正式实施,这是全国首部社会信用体系综合性法规。此次立法吸收并采纳了上海市社会信用体系建设推进中行之有效的实践经验,为今后信用工作的开展提供了有力的制度支撑。

有专家表示,在当今社会,信用已经成为人们的第二身份,信用缺失或者信用不良可能寸步难行,而作为面向个人客户的消费金融业务,更与信用息息相关。随着互联网经济和信用关系的发展,货币经济的作用正在后退,信用经济登场将成为必然。

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