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钢材涨价风暴或重演煤炭奇迹 今年行业盈利料超过去年

2017-05-23 10:19:51   中国经济网

“中频炉淘汰大限将至,国家督查力度趋严。此外,在4月份粗钢日均产量创下242万吨历史高位的情况下,螺纹钢社会库存与钢厂库存均呈现同比下降态势,表明当前市场需求整体不差。上海线螺终端采购量连续两周的回升,也印证了这一判断。”金瑞资本研究员刘慧峰说。

钢铁板块指数近期反弹也较为明显,而实际上,从2016年以来螺纹钢主力合约与钢铁板块指数的走势来看,二者基本呈现正相关关系。刘慧峰表示,这主要是因为钢材现货价格上涨,钢厂盈利情况好转。目前钢厂利润水平整体处于高位,对钢铁股形成支撑。

光大证券研究指出,近期部分规格的钢材出现了短缺,钢铁行业的政策面、资金面、基本面继续在边际上共同利好,我们坚定积极看好整个板块。重点推荐有业绩的个股,关注5月投资组合: 方大炭素、方大特钢、 宝钢股份、 马钢股份、 新钢股份。上周光大钢铁组合涨幅3.64%,跑赢钢铁板块1.3个百分点。

短期强势依旧

从未来走势来看,部分期货研究人士仍对黑色系保持信心。东吴期货研究所副所长倪耀祥告诉中国证券报记者,今年一季度钢铁行业整体利润232亿元,远超去年同期亏损87.5亿元的水平,并且在可见的未来,钢企的生产利润仍有望保持高位,这足以支持钢铁行业股票同步反弹走高。这充分证明供给侧改革的正确性与有效性,是有利于钢铁行业的长期发展。

除了上述政策及基本面因素,在刘慧峰看来,资金及贴水因素对近期黑色系的上涨行情也起到了推波助澜的作用。他表示,自上周以来,央行货币收紧出现阶段性缓和,利率指标亦无明显恶化,市场资金紧张情绪有所缓解。另外,截至5月中旬,螺纹钢主力合约与现货的贴水幅度接近600元/吨,为历史极值,市场需要对贴水进行一定程度的修复。

就核心品种来看,陈磊认为,螺纹钢仍旧是核心。“需求上看,虽然房地产的销售增速有所下滑,但房地产的新开工面积仍处于上升趋势,地产库存低位下,房地产商拍地热情不减,所以螺纹钢的需求短期也看不到大幅下滑的迹象。后期螺纹的行情,主要还是在高利润刺激下,供应上能否有新的增加,比如新增的电炉产能和其他钢材品种铁水流向螺纹。”

今年表现能否超去年

从期货投资角度看,陈磊认为,目前黑色系主要矛盾是螺纹供应的短缺,其他品种如铁矿、焦炭、焦煤、热卷等并没有突出的供需矛盾,甚至铁矿和焦煤还有一定的供应过剩,其中铁矿仍处于增产周期,主流矿山和国内矿山在前期高利润下都有一定增产,进口量维持高位,港口库存继续回升。而去年的明星品种焦煤,今年随着“276政策”的退出,国内原煤供应有所回升,进口回升较快,1-4月进口增速高达50%左右。所以,在目前的供需格局下,买螺纹空铁矿、买螺纹空焦煤的操作仍然可以继续持有。

“股票方面,今年钢铁行业盈利大幅改善,尤其是螺纹钢利润处于历史巅峰水平,可以考虑 三钢闽光、方大特钢等长材产量比较高的公司,而宝钢、河钢等国企也可以继续关注。”陈磊说。

中泰证券分析师笃慧指出,从需求看,中期地产调控对地产销售不利,但库销比偏低,销售对地产投资影响有限,实际经济运行依然稳健,钢价在低库存状态下弹性较大。此外,今年供给侧改革政策也对行业盈利构成利好,继续维持全年行业盈利超出2016年判断。

中国证券报记者统计发现,去年黑色系期货中,多品种涨幅超过50%,以此为参考观察的话,今年以来领涨黑色系的螺纹钢期货主连合约涨幅还不足20%。在去年煤炭期货领涨的情况下,多只煤炭股涨幅在50%,而以方大特钢为例,今年以来涨幅仅7%。钢铁股能否重演去年“煤炭奇迹”,且拭目以待。

(责编:贾兴鹏、夏晓伦)

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