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北京研究“城市风道”吹雾霾 把郊外风引进主城区

2014-07-02 10:08:43   新京报

按照今年北京确定的减排目标,这四项污染物排放总量要比去年削减5%、5%、2%和2%。

■ 追问

通风除霾 效果几何?

雾霾成为热门词汇开始,除霾的招数开始百花齐放。从去年开始,在城市建立风道“借风”除霾屡被提起。

去年底,中国气象局印发《贯彻落实〈大气污染防治行动计划〉实施方案》。根据该方案,2015年,全国各地气象部门将形成人工影响天气改善空气质量作业能力,在重污染天气条件下能够采取可行的气象干预措施,并开展城市规划气候可行性论证。

这意味着,明年人们或可通过“借风借雨”来驱除雾霾。

中国城市规划设计研究院总规划师杨保军认为,北京通过“风道”来减缓雾霾,效果可能有限。

据他介绍,北京以前在规划时,没有把“风道”作为主要的考虑因素。北京作为北方城市,主要怕冬天的寒冷,所以规划选址时以防冷为主。他举例说,北京的四合院,大门是开在东南方向,背后是墙和房子,以保证冬暖夏凉。

“目前北京城区已经发展到了五六环,现在把风道空出来也很困难。”杨保军认为,北京空气差主要因为周边的重工业和劣质煤影响,加上北京地形属于小盆地,扩散条件不好。除了产业结构升级和清洁能源等,多种树,尽可能保留湿地和公园,增加新建设、开发地区的绿化率等,都可以减缓北京雾霾。

另有气象专家认为,对于污染物的清除,从气象方面而言有两种方法,即刮风和下雨(雪)。针对刮风,每个城市都有盛行风向,因此,在城市规划和建设的过程中,应该尽量避免在盛行风通过的地方高楼林立,相反,应该控制建筑物的密度和高度,增强空气的流动性。

(来源:新京报)

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